Hepatorenal and Testicular Dysfunctions of Clodinafop-Propargyl Bait in Male Black Rat, Rattus rattus and Its Field Efficiency

The black rat (Rattus rattus) has become in a commensal relationship with humans and has been responsible for obvious damage to agriculture annually. In this study, clodinafop-propargyl bait (0.98%) was introduced to the adult male rats for seven days under laboratory conditions using a non-choice feeding method. The impact of the compound on the body and some organs' weights and functions was studied. Histopathological changes of the liver, kidney, and testis as well as sperm count, sperm morphology, vitality and motility percent were recorded. The efficiency of clodinafop-propargyl bait (0.98%) was evaluated under field conditions of crop stores. The results demonstrated that the body weight and testis of rats significantly decreased obviously after treatment. As well as, the treatment caused immoderate loss of water through the skin, losing appetite and slow movement of rats. While weights of the liver and kidney of treated rats significantly increased. In addition, the appearance of morphological and histopathological alterations in the liver, kidneys, and testis were observed. Also, significant elevation in serum (ALT and AST) enzymes, urea, creatinine and uric acid levels compared with control after treatment were recorded. Furthermore, sperm count, motility and vitality percentages significantly decreased (p≤0.05) in treated rats compared with controls. There were perspicuous abnormalities in the form of the head, neck, and tail of the spermatozoa in the treated rats. Regarding, sperm motility; non-progressive and immotile grades were significantly increased in treated rats compared with controls. Moreover, clodinafop-propargyl bait (0.98%) proved efficient under crop store conditions as it caused an 86.78 % reduction in the rat population. In conclusion, clodinafop-propargyl bait has a strong toxic impact on the liver, kidneys and reproductive system of male black rats affecting their fertility by destroying testicular integrity and function. Furthermore, the field results proved these impacts and achieved good results. We can conclude that this compound can be used in the control of black rats and can be used in rodent control programs.