Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07592220101201Efficacy of Olive Oil Diet on the Histopathological Changes induced in Hypercholesterolemic Rat.191431610.21608/eajbsz.2010.14316ENAl-RawiM.Biology Department, Girlۥs College, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi ArabianAliA.Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, EgyptJournal Article20180920Olive oil is the main source of unsaturated fatty acids in the Mediterranean region<strong>, </strong>anutritional regimen gaining ever-increasing renown for its beneficial effects on inflammation<strong>, </strong>cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
The present work aimed to study the protective effect ofOlive Oil against the histopathological alterations induced by (cholesterol 4%+ Cholic acid 1% + thiouracil 05%) in the aorta and Liver of rat.
Olive oil and / or a mixture of (cholesterol 4%+ Cholic acid 1% + thiouracil 05%) were given to male rats for 16 wk, 12 h after the last diet animals were killed and the selected tissues obtained and prepared for histological study.
The obtained results demonstrated that treating rat with (cholesterol 4% + Cholic acid 1% + thiouracil 05%) induced sever histopathological changes in the liver ,these changes includeddisruption of liver architecture as it lost the normal radiating pattern, cellular infiltration and cells turned into large "foam cells" contained cytoplasmic vesicles. Also, aorta with straight tunica intimae has large subendothelial deposits of lipid; many myofibrils were disorganized and destroyed containing dense irregular nuclei, tunica media increased till 58.8µm.
Co-administration of olive oil+mixture of (cholesterol 4% + Cholic acid 1% + thiouracil 05%) lessened most histopathological changes in a aorta and liver as compared to animals treated with the mixture of (cholesterol 4% + Cholic acid 1% + thiouracil 05%) alone. This indicatedthat olive oil showed improvement in the structure of the aorta and liver of rat. So the usage of olive oil was recommended for healthy life. https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14316_33b839750d45959cf7a40410e0f548bc.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07592220101201Review Article: Does kombucha tea attenuate the hepato-nepherotoxicity induced by a certain environmental pollutant?11181586810.21608/eajbsz.2010.15868ENOla AliGharibDrug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy AuthorityJournal Article20181004Trichloroethylene (TCE) may induce oxidative stress which generates free radicals and alters antioxidants or oxygen-free radical scavenging enzymes. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of oral administration of kombucha tea in rats with TCE as an environmental pollutant. Methods: Twenty male albino rats were divided into four groups: the control group treated with vehicle, Kombucha (KT)-treated group, TCE-treated group and KT/TCE-treated group. Liver and kidney lipid peroxidation, glutathione content, nitric oxide (NO) and total blood free radical concentrations were evaluated. Serum urea, creatinine level, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGTP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were also measured.
Results: TCE administration increased the malondialhyde (MDA) and NO contents in liver and kidney, urea and creatinine concentrations in serum, total free radical level in blood and GGTP and LDH activities in serum, whereas it decreased the glutathione (GSH) level in liver and kidney homogenate. KT administration significantly improved lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress induced by TCE. Conclusion: The present study indicates that Kombucha may repair damage caused by environmental pollutants such as TCE and may be beneficial to people who deal with these chemicals.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_15868_088afd8b086aaba4efcb076973f749cf.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07592220101201Immune responses in the microenvironment of a metastatic 4T1 mouse model19261586910.21608/eajbsz.2010.15869ENShalini S.KumarDepartment of Pathology , Faculty of Medicine and Health, International Medical University, 126, Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaRadhakrishnan A.K.Department of Pathology , Faculty of Medicine and Health, International Medical University, 126, Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaCheong S.K.Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, International Medical University, 126, Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaJournal Article20181004The 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma cells have the ability to spread to target organs in BALB/c mice breast cancer model. The spread of 4T1 cells mimics human stage IV breast cancer and elicits immune responses. The aim of this study is to establish an animal model of mammary carcinoma metastasis to discern the <em>in vivo</em> effects of growth and spread of breast cancer. Six-weeks-old female BALB/c mice were inoculated with 4T1 murine breast cancer cells. Gross and histological studies were carried out to determine the approximate day of metastatic onset. Production of IFN-gamma was assessed by ELISA to understand its role in tumour growth and metastasis. Lymphocyte markers such as CD8<sup>+</sup>, CD25 and CD49b were analysed to elucidate its role in tumour growth and progression. The metastatic onset occurs approximately 11 days after inoculation and accompanied with hepatosplenomegaly. The breast cancer cells from primary tumour were found to spread rapidly to the liver on day 11. IFN-γ production was higher in inoculated mice serum compared to control. Higher numbers of CD8<sup>+</sup>, CD25 and CD49b cells were observed in the peripheral blood of inoculated mice, compared to control. In conclusion, the 4T1 murine breast cancer cells can migrate and metastasise rapidly to the liver, eliciting various immune responses.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_15869_caa97738925ddf6ac3be7298efd2606c.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07592220101201Some herbs reduce the hight of blood sugar, blood cholesterol in alloxan- diabetic rats.27321587010.21608/eajbsz.2010.15870ENIman Abdulhadi M.AL-BlooniNutrition and food science, Home Economics Department, Jazan UniversityJournal Article20181004The present study was carried out to investigate the effect using 5% and 10% of different dried mixture from (dill and goadid) and (chicory and rosemary) on serum glucose and lipid profile, kidney function of diabetic rats.
A total of 36 male rats (120±5gm body weight) were used in this study. Rats were divided into two main groups, the first group (1) was used as control (-ve) group (6 rats) and fed on the basal diet only, the second group (2) (30 rats) was injected with 150mg/kg B.W. alloxan to induce hyperglycemic in rats and then divided into (5) subgroup, one of these group was used as control (+ve) group received on basal diet only, the other four subgroups fed on basal diet containing 5%or10% on one of the different mixture plant as previously. The experimental feeding period was 28 days. The results revealed that.
All treatment of experimental diets with different levels showed significant reduction in serum glucose, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-c) as compared to the positive control group. These results are of great importance because cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are statistically related to the high TC. Level in blood serum.
Addition of experimental mixture (dill and goadid) (5% and10%) to the diets resulted in improvement of body weight gain.
All treatment of experimental diets especially addition 10% mixture of (dill and goadid) increased serum concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c).
All treatment of experimental diets decreased the concentration of serum uric acid, urea nitrogen and creatinin concentrations in diabetic rats.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_15870_f55a0e35fb4e0767b1a0d451aed88d53.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07592220101201Hurghada coral diseases; are they due to the impacts of global warming or mass tourism?33461587110.21608/eajbsz.2010.15871ENHany A.Abdel-SalamDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, EgyptAbdel-Hamid A. M.AliNational Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez branch, EgyptAmin R. M.IsmailDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20181004This study is trying to assess the types and frequencies of occurrence of coral diseases. Are these diseases due to the impacts of global warming or tourism on coral reefs along<br />the Red Sea coast off Hurghada? Results<br />indicated that there is a high disease prevalence (46 %) with the presence of four<br />coral diseases/ syndromes; White Syndrome (21.6%), Bleaching (16.2 %), Black<br />Band Disease (8.2%) and overgrowth of sponge were near the sampling transects. Data<br />of the Coral Reef Watch about the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomaly produced<br />by National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) indicated that there was 1°C increase in SST in 2009 and 1.5°C<br />increase in 2010 in the northern Red Sea<br />region. The increased prevalence of coral diseases in the Red<br /> Sea coast off Hurghada might be attributed to sea surface temperature<br />(SST) anomaly due to global warming. It<br />might be also due to activities associated with tourism such as exaggerated coastal<br />development through construction of hotels and increased sewage run off and unregulated<br />recreational activities such as SCUBA diving, snorkeling, and reef walking. Coral<br />reefs must be considered and incorporated into management plans. To conserve<br />these valuable marine resources, we have to adopt the sustainability concept of<br />ecotourism instead of mass and random tourism activities. https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_15871_23939ee962326209f31025fc017e30fd.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07592220101201The Effects of Sewage Discharge on The Marine Gastropod Gibbula sp., Collected From The Coast of Al-Hanyaa, Libya.47521588910.21608/eajbsz.2010.15889ENRamadan A. S.AliZoology Department, Faculty of ScienceAhmed .S.BreamZoology Section, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, (Al-Qubba), Omar Al-Mukhtar University, Al-Beidaa, LibyaJournal Article20181004Marine gastropods are known to accumulate high metal concentrations in their tissues especially in the digestive glands. In this study, the accumulation of Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr and Pb in the gastropod <em>Gibbula</em> sp. (Family: Trochidae) has been assessed using Atomic absorption, spectrophotometry graphite Furnace. Animals were collected from rocky shores at Al-Hanyaa region on the north-east coast of Libya. Two groups of animals were studied; one from an area adjacent to a sewage outlet and the second was collected from a relatively clean site. Concentrations of metals in the viscera, of both adults and juveniles, of <em>Gibbula</em> collected from the polluted site were higher than that recorded in the clean site. Thus, there is a tendency for <em>Gibbula</em> tissues in the polluted area to have higher concentrations of metals although the differences are not always statistically significant. The values recorded for adult specimens collected from the polluted and non polluted locations were 0.51±0.27, 15.95±1.28, 0.021±0.017, 0.47±0.18, 0.60±0.17 vs 0.40±0.11, 9.51± 4.82, 0.03 ± 0.02, 0.29 ± 0.09, 0.39 ± 0.09 for Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr and Pb µg ⁄mg, respectively. Whereas, those recorded for juveniles were 0.51±0.09, 17.02±1.13, 0.032±0.01, 0.49±0.15, 0.54±0.17 vs. 0.38±0.22, 8.36±2.05, 0.020±0.01, 0.35±0.25, 0.52±0.12 for Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr and Pb µg ⁄mg, respectively. It is suggested that metals are taken up by <em>Gibbula</em> sp. viscera directly from the water or from the ingested algae. Also, the shell mass was affected with the pollution.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_15889_33c0b1f9f487f9f6caae7f7f1d137111.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07592220101201The Effects of Atrazine on Levels of Pituitary–testis Hormones in Adult Male Rat53601589010.21608/eajbsz.2010.15890ENMokhtarMokhtariDepartment of Biology. Islamic Azad University, Kazerun Branch, Kazerun, Iran.EsfandiarSharifiDepartment of Biology. Islamic Azad University, Kazerun Branch, Kazerun, Iran.AmrolaSoltaniDepartment of Biology. Islamic Azad University, Kazerun Branch, Kazerun, Iran.Journal Article20181004<strong>Objective(s):</strong>
Atrazine is a widely used herbicide in agriculture. In the present study, the effects of this herbicide on the levels of pituitary-testis hormones in adult male rats were investigated.
<strong>Materials and Methods:</strong>
In total, 40 male Wister rats were used. These animals were randomly divided into five groups of eight: the control group which was left untreated, the sham group receiving solvent, and three experimental groups receiving (100mg/kg), (200mg/kg) and (400mg/kg) dosages of Atropine, respectively. Dosages of solvent and herbicide were injected intra peritoneally for 14 days, and afterward, blood samples were taken and serum levels of LH, FSH and testosterone were measured by RIA method. The body and testicular weights were also determined. The mean results were evaluated by ANOVA and Tukey test among the experimental and control groups.
<strong>Results:</strong>
Mean body weight showed significant decrease in experimental groups relative to control group. Testes weights were also decreased only in experimental groups receiving 200,400 (mg/kg) dosage of Atrazine. In addition, serum levels of LH showed a significant decrease in experimental groups receiving 200, 400(mg/kg) dosages of Atrazine, compared to the control group. Mean concentration FSH decresed significantly in the experimental groups receiving 400 (mg/kg) dose, while testosterone level decreased significantly in all the experimental groups, compared to the control group.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong>
Atrazine can interfere with food absorption mechanisms and cause body and testicular weight loss by increasing estrogen and decreasing testosterone levels. According to the results of present study and other investigations, this herbicide probably decreases the secretion of LH, FSH and testosterone concentrations through reducing the pituitary weight and secretion of GnRH from hypothalamus, thereby, decreasing the activities of pituitary-testis axis and spermatogenesis processes.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_15890_4037a5e819628a3dfb6bfcd379e42144.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07592220101201Taxonomy and description of the female Candonocypris novaezelandiae (Baird, 1843) (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from River Nile, Sohag Governorate, Egypt.61691589610.21608/eajbsz.2010.15896ENEbtesam A.YousefZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, 82524 Sohag, EgyptJournal Article20181004The female of <em>Candonocypris</em> <em>novaezelandiae</em> (Baird, 1843) found in River Nile of Egypt. It is the first certain record of this species in North Africa. This species belongs to Podocopida-Cypridacea-Cypridididae-Herpetocypridinae and is characterized by prominent selvage, smooth carapace and furca with unequal claws. Scanning electron micrographs of the valves and soft parts are provided and discussion of their characteristics with those presented by former authors.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_15896_b6e5116168bd4950296dba5dd72b13e1.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07592220101201Developing a community of thinking in biological sciences71801589810.21608/eajbsz.2010.15898ENPennySinghDurban University of Technology, South AfricaJournal Article20181004<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Globally, higher education institutions are<br />constantly challenged to respond to changes in the political, social, economic,<br />environment and other sectors in terms of their teaching practices. But, are<br />tertiary institutions responding adequately and appropriately to these<br />challenges in terms of Biological Sciences, their applications and their effect<br />on the environment? </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">The purpose of this<br />paper is to discuss an instruction and assessment strategy in Biology to<br />enhance eco-education. </span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Shruti; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-GB">This paper is based on a study that recognises the significance and<br />impact of education and (by implication) assessment in Biological Sciences on<br />the environment. This paper therefore reports on an oral assessment<br />intervention in Biology at two tertiary institutions in South Africa based on “</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-GB">practical activities and first hand experience”<br />emphasized by The 1975Belgrade and Tbilisi international agreements<br />(UNESCO-UNEP 1976, 1978). </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Grounded in a<br />social-constructivist framework, this qualitative study located learning and<br />assessment in Biology within the framework of situated learning which focused<br />on the construction and assessment of knowledge within the learner’s community<br />of practice.</span>https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_15898_6b201918d69b152456cea6d8ef8b91e8.pdf