2024-03-29T15:40:53Z
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=4884
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2019
11
1
Effect of Arthropods on the Decomposition of Rat Carrions in an Aerated Environment in Spring Season in Assiut, Egypt
Fatma El-Zahraa
Abd El-Aziz
Doaa
El Shehaby
Arthropods represent one of the most important invertebrates to arrive and colonize carrion. Objective: The present investigation aimed to determine the arthropods fauna of forensic importance that colonizes carrion in an aerated environment during Spring season in Assiut, Egypt. Methods: Experimental models rates were killed and divided into Seven groups three rats in each group. Group 1;Control, Group 2 ; Drowning, Group 3;Electro cusion, Group 4 ;Stab of the heart, Group5; Heart-abdomen stab, Group 6;Cold and Group 7; Burn. Rats were used to determine succession in an aerated area during the spring of 2018 in Assiut governorate,Egypt. Results: The present results indicated that the arthropods of forensic importance, represented by the thirteen taxa belong to phylum Arthropoda and 10 families, Family: Calliphoridae represented by Chrysomya albiceps (5%), Family: Muscidae represented by Musca domestica (33%), Family: Sarcophagidae represented by Sarcophaga sp.(23%), Wohlfahrtia magnifica (22 %)and Parasarcophaga orgyrostama( 2%), Family: Dermestidae represented by Dermestes maculates(1 %) and Dermestes frischi(1 %), Family: Histeridae represented by Saprinus sp. (4 %), Family: Pteromalidae represented by Nasonia sp. (2 %), Family: Lycosidae represented by spider ( 3%), Family: Pyroglyphidae represented by Dermatophagoides sp. (1 %), Family: Cimicidae represented by Cimex lectularis (2 %) and Family: Porcellionidae represented by Porcellionides pruinosus (1 %). Conclusion: The present investigation submitted a basis for further studies dealing with arthropods colonization of carrions.
Arthropods, Forensic, Rat Carrions, Decomposition
Assiut, Egypt
2019
06
01
1
12
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_26929_3b2429ed492621224812e8fecafacede.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2019
11
1
Optimization of Xylazine-Ketamine Anesthetic Dose in Mice with Chronic Liver Injury
Mohamed
El-Sherif
Objective:The aim of the present study was to find the safest and appropriate intraperitoneal injection dose of Ketamine-Xylazine cocktail for short to the medium-duration surgical procedure (ultrasound-guided liver biopsy) in rats suffering chronic liver injury. Methods:Four anesthetic doses of Ketamine-Xylazine combination were compared for their safety and efficacy (death rate and surgical tolerance), using observations and reflex tests. Anesthesia evaluated during ultrasound-guided liver biopsy procedure. The reactions of physiological parameters to surgical stimuli were used to determine anesthesia depth and were correlated with reflex test results. Results: Full dose of Ketamine-Xylazine (87 mg/ kg- 13 mg/ kg) rapidly induced a deep state of anesthesia that lasted for about 70 minutes followed by complete cessation of respiration and death. Three-quarters dose of the cocktail also, rapidly induced a deep state of anesthesia that lasted 45 minutes. Anesthesia was adequate to perform the procedure. Recovery was long. No postoperative complications detected. Half dose of the Ketamine-Xylazine cocktail was short acting. Very good analgesia and muscle relaxation were recorded. Anesthesia lasted for about 30 minutes that was adequate for performing the procedure. Physiological parameters decreased followed by rapid stabilization. Smooth recovery noted. No postoperative complication recorded. Quarter dose produced a state of sedation. Analgesia and muscle relaxation were poor. Animals showed pain during manipulation. The procedure could not be achieved. Conclusions:The optimal intraperitoneal dose of Ketamine-Xylazine cocktail for balanced anesthesia in lab rats suffering chronic liver injury is (43.5 mg/kg and 6.5 mg/kg) respectively.
Anesthesia
Intraperitoneal
Rats
Ketamine
xylazine
2019
06
01
13
18
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28307_c6cb16e58679fa58217d454727e9e51c.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2019
11
1
The Scorpion Fauna of the Southwestern Part of Saudi Arabia
Abdulaziz
Alqahtani
Belal
Elgammal
Khaled
Ghaleb
Ahmed
Badry
The diversity of the scorpion fauna of the southwestern part of Saudi Arabia was examined based on a large collection covering most of four major regions. Fifteen scorpion species were collected during field expedition and identified in a light of recent revisionary systematics. Family Buthidae was represented by twelve species in nine genera (Androctonus, Buthacus, Compsobuthus, Hottentotta, Leiurus, Orthochirus, Parabuthus, Trypanothacus and Vachoniolus) and family Scorpionidae by three species in two genera (Nebo and Scorpio). Buthacus yotvatensis is recorded for the first time in Saudi Arabia.
diversity
scorpion fauna
southwestern part of Saudi Arabia
2019
06
01
19
29
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_28565_c3326f55eb61ecafcfd0c3d0812b7de3.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2019
11
1
Morphological and Morphometric Characterization of Four Monogenean Parasites from Fishes of the River Nile, Qena Governorate, Egypt
Abdel-Nasser
Hussein
Khalaf
Ammar
Ali
Mansour
Kareem
Morsy
Monogenea is a class constituting the ectoparasitic flukes mainly on skin and gills of fish, with greater diversity of species worldwide. In the present study, four different species of monogenean parasites were recorded; they were isolated from gills of four freshwater fish species captured from locations along the River Nile, Qena governorate, Egypt. These were Cichlidogyrus aegypticus from Oreochromis niloticus (93.33, 28/30); Protoancylodiscoides malapteruri from Malapterurus electricus (90%, 18/ 20). Quadricanthus bagrae from Bagrus bajad (30%, 15/ 50), and Ancyrocephalus sp. from Mormyrus kannume (75%, 30/ 40). The recovered parasites were described by light microscopy, where the different sclerotized parts of the haptor and copulatory organs were used as key of identification of each species. C. aegypticus can be differentiated by the presence of haptor with two pairs of strongly developed anchors, two long projections of the complex bar and a narrow copulatory tube with a wide basal funnel. P. malapteruri was characterized by the presence of broad haptor with two large dorsal and two small ventral hamuli. Ancyrocephalus sp. was characterized by a haptor which was not clearly demarcated from the anterior body with ventral and dorsal anchors similar in shape. Quadriacanthus bagrae was discriminated by possessing a complex bar with long projection at the center and two long ends, the dorsal and ventral anchors were without distinct roots. The present study represented new locality records for these species off the River Nile, Qena governorate, Egypt.
Monogenea
Morphology
Qena
River Nile
Egypt
2019
06
01
31
45
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29077_b8dcf96d41a416ae187a459dec85412b.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2019
11
1
Comparative Morphometric Studies of the Cranium in the Three Types of Birds with Different Feeding Behaviors
Fathy
Elshaer
The present work was particularly designed to study the comparative anatomy of the skull of three different feeding Aves species inhibiting in Egypt. This study demonstrates that both size and shape are important components in the morphological differentiation of the skulls of carnivorous Kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis), insectivore Hoopoes (Upupa epops) and Omnivores Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) which clarify the relationship between size, shape of the skull and the type of feeding behavior. This paper presents a morphometric analysis of Kingfisher, Hoopoes and chicken skulls. Analyses are performed using traditional analytic and morphometric methods.
Kingfisher
Hoopoes
carnivorous
insectivore
skull
2019
06
01
47
57
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29471_c0ca940e2fd952129b8e7403549ac3f5.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2019
11
1
Collection and Identification of Bioinvasive Spider Crab Acanthonyx euryseroche Griffin & Tranter, 1986 From Buleji, East Coast, Pakistan
Nuzhat
Afsar
Syeda
Nasir
Abdul
Ghani
Two female specimens of bioinvasive spider crab Acanthonyx euryseroche Griffin & Tranter, 1986 were collected alive in association with brown seaweeds from lower intertidal zone of Buleji (24o50’356”N 66o49’368”E) situated in the vicinity of the largest shipping port along the Karachi coast, Pakistan (Northern Arabian Sea). Collected Acanthonyx euryseroche transported to laboratory and housed in sea water filled glass aquarium for further taxonomic studies. Any previous published record of occurrence of this species is not available from Pakistan. Main feature of this species observed to have seaweeds leafy structures affixed on their head region that they use for camouflage thus hide themselves inside the seaweeds for protection purpose. A. euryseroche has been declared invasive alien species to the Indo-Pak region. Invasive alien species (IAS) spread outside of their natural distribution and considered a threat to indigenous biodiversity. Entry of this alien species in Pakistani water could be destructive to the native species. Hence, occurrence of A. euryseroche requires more rigorous study, monitoring and management plan.
Spider crab
Majoidea
Buleji
IAS
East coast
Pakistan
2019
06
01
59
63
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29472_b2231ee711215588e1bb4cdb359f24f2.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2019
11
1
Ameliorative Role of Lactoferrin on Osteoporosis Caused by Glucocorticoids
Rana
Ali
Ghada
Mubark
Lactoferrin is derived from its past classification as a major iron-binding protein in milk,Which was in bovine milk. Osteoporosis is a major disease affecting human bone. Which is caused by endocrinological disorders and drugs Glucocorticoids – induced osteoporosis is the most common form of secondary osteoporosis.The current study was aimed to study the curative role of natural substances (lactoferrin) on the osteoporosis caused by glucocorticoids (prednisone) and comparing its curative effect with sodium alendronate the common therapy for osteoporosis. Our experiment included 8 groups in each group 10 adult’s albino rats 4 groups male or the other groups are female. First group (normal females) and fifth group (normal males) were given saline for two months. Second group (control females) and sixth group (control males) were given prednisone orally (25mg/kg b. w.) day after day for two months. Third group (treated females) and seventh group(treated males)were given(25mg/ kg b.w.) day after day for two months and then lactoferrin (0.85 mg/kg body weight) daily for two months. Fourth group (treated females) and eighth group(treated males) were given (25mg/ kg b.w.) day after day for two months and then sodium alendronate (300 μg/kg b.w.) once weekly for two months. After treatment, blood samples were collected for estimating calcium, phosphorous, PTH and testosterone levels in serum. Right femur bones were removed for determining the density, calcium and phosphorous content. The results indicated that lactoferrin and prednisone were increased serum calcium and PTH levels P < (0.05), in males and females animals and decreased serum phosphorous for the two sexes, but for testosterone there was a non-significant decrease for female animals and a significant decrease for male animals. Administration of lactoferrin was ameliorated the disturbances of bone. The result suggests that lactoferrin may improve prednisone -induced osteoporosis.
glucocorticoids
Osteoporosis
Lactoferrin
calcium
testosterone hormone
PTH
bone density
Rats
2019
06
01
65
76
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29948_68795e35231b7300375cba55d93e373c.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2019
11
1
Food Composition, Preference and Feeding Habits of Two Caridean Species in the Interconnecting Lagoons of South-Western Nigeria.
Mosunmola
Akinwunmi
, Lawal-Are
Omolara
Ayoola
Oluwatoyin
The genus Macrobrachium are decapods that have been identified globally in terms of their economic importance and possibility of recruitment into aquaculture. Macrobrachium macrobrachion (Herklots 1851) and Macrobrachium vollenhovenii (Herklots 1857) are the two largest species of the genus Macrobrachium in Nigerian waters. The study investigated the stomach contents of M. macrobrachion (Herklots 1851) and M. vollenhovenii (Herklots 1857) from three interconnecting lagoons (Badagry, Lagos and Epe) of Southwest Nigeria between June 2013 and May 2015 (24 months). A total of 3294 specimens of M. macrobrachion were examined for food and feeding habits from the three lagoons (1606 from Badagry, 778 from Lagos and 910 from Epe Lagoons) while a total of 1435 M. vollenhovenii were examined for food and feeding habits from the three lagoons (164 from Badagry, 146 from Lagos and 1125 from Epe Lagoons). The stomach contents of M. macrobrachion and M. vollenhovenii from the three lagoons were made up of Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Bivalves, Crustaceans, Copepods and detrital materials. The results of the food and feeding habit showed that M. macrobrachion and M. vollenhovenii are omnivorous in nature with the preference for detritus. Thus, there is a change in their feeding habit from omnivorous to planktivores and/or detritivores.
Macrobrachium macrobrachion
Macrobrachium vollenhovenii
Badagry
Lagos
Epe
Lagoons
2019
06
01
77
84
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29967_793c150dd1e61a149a8327a5527be662.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2019
11
1
A Study on the Effect of Vitamin E on Histomorphological and Immunohistochemical Changes Induced By Electromagnetic Field
Magda
hanafy
Nahla
El-shaer
Amany
El Attar
Manar
arafa
Background: Electromagnetic fields has increased gradually due to technology expansion and thus continues exposure to it may affect the biological system, so that the present work aimed to study the biological effect of non-ionizing radiation magnetic field from power line of 50 Hz which caused by devices become widely used in human activity on the structural properties of cerebral cortex and the possible protective role of vitamin E on it through the histopathological and immunohistochemical study . Result: Thirty mice were divided into three groups, group I (control) , group II animals of this group exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF – MF) generated by electrical device (2mT- 20G) for a total period 45 day(2h/day) and group III exposed to the same field and period after adding vitamin E (200 mg /kg) B.W. along with the drinking water. The results showed many changes such as neuronal degeneration and apoptosis in number of Purkinje cells and showing a decreased reactivity in carbohydrates , protein ,DNA and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) content in (MF) treated group as compared to control , such changes showed improvement of the histolomorpholigical and immunohistochemical changes in magnetic field (MF) and vitamin E treated group. Conclusion: Electromagnetic fields exposure led to degenerative changes on cerebellar cortex, and the data collected from histopathological and immunohistochemical study revealed a protective effect of vitamin E on cellular cortex layers of the cerebellar cortex
magnetic field
Vitamin E
(GFAP)
carbohydrates
DNA
protein
2019
06
01
85
99
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_30681_62680a56b702a6444880a2018e2d3b4f.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2019
11
1
Survey and Population Density of Some Rodent Species in Sahel Silem District at Assiut Governorate
Y.
Abd El Galil
Survey and population density of rodent species at Sahel Silem District, Assiut Governorate in two different habitats; field crops and village houses, were conducted during two successive years from 2015 to 2017. The obtained results recorded, three rodent species: the fruit rat, Rattus rattus (Linnaeus), the Nile Field rat or the Nile grass, Arvicanthis niloticus (Desmart) and the wildNorwayrat, Rattus norvegicus (Berkanhout), in spring, summer, autumn and winter seasons during the experimental period. In addition, the high population density was recorded for the dominant rodent species, Rattus rattus in field crops while; low population density was recorded for, Rattus norvegicus in field crops. Moreover, Rattus norvegicus was dominant and the highest numbers in village houses. Furthermore, the results proved that the field crops were attacked by rodent species more than village houses during the experimental period.
Survey
population density
field crops
village houses
Rodents
Myomorpha
Muridae
Rattus rattus (Linnaeus)
Rattus norvegicus (Berkanhout) and Arvicanthis niloticus (Desmart)
2019
06
01
101
107
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_30769_93414183a880293d4096ca7da64f1c56.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2019
11
1
Toxic and Teratogenic Effects of Sampa-Sampalukan (Phyllanthus niruri) Leaves Extract Using Danio rerio Embryo Assay
I.
Lamban
E.
Balbeuna
M.
Lee
M.
Sacdalan
A.
arpio JR.
Kevin Smith
Cabuhat
This paper established toxic and teratogenic effects of P. nururi leaves extract to the embryonic development of D. rerio. After 12 hours of exposure to various treatment concentrations, 100% coagulated embryos were observed in 1% and higher concentrations. Meanwhile, mortality in lower concentrations was found to be as time and dose-dependent. Coagulation was the most remarkable toxic effect of the plant leaves extract. On the other hand, heartbeat and hatchability rate of zebrafish embryo was affected in a dose-dependent manner. In teratogenicity testing, tail malformation was the most evident teratogenic effect of the plant leaves extract. Taken together, P. niruri leaves extract was embryo-toxic and teratogenic to D. rerio.
Danio rerio
embryo-toxicity
Phyllanthus niruri
Sampa-sampalukan
teratogenicity
zebrafish
2019
06
01
109
115
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_30839_4119685ea15e0ee530e3699c1b6fae32.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2019
11
1
Physiological Adaptations and Behavioral Responses of Janitor Fish (Ancistrus sp. orange) to High Temperature
Julie
Berame
Noel
Alfonso
The study aims to determine the effect of high warming temperature on the behavioral responses of the Ancistrus sp. orange on the rates of ventilation, intake of food, and patterns of behavior at normal (21 0C to 26 0C) and high temperature (26+ 0C) in the present warming scenario. The non-experimental and experimental data were running in a One-Way ANOVA in order to determine the significant difference in the effect of temperatures, rates of ventilation, intake of food, and patterns of behavior. Statistical analysis was performed at 0.05 level of significance. Based on the findings of the study, it found out that Ancistrus sp. orange showed resistance in heat stress but is it projected to go through any physiological impairment when they exposed longer into an increasing temperature. Their food intake has no significant difference with a p-value of .594, but behavioral changes and ventilation rates were significantly affected with the increased high temperature with a p-value of .00).
Janitor fish (Ancistrus sp. orange)
warming temperature
adaptation
behavioral responses
ventilation rate
ethogram
2019
06
01
117
126
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_30840_014ae015abb8139bafbcb66a90227f85.pdf