2024-03-28T18:50:14Z
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=4310
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2018
10
2
Ecotoxicological Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation on the Wild Rat, Rattus norvegicus
Zeinab
Khater
Hend
Ghareeb
Mona
Ibraheim
The effect of electromagnetic radiation at frequencies (50, 100, 200 & 250 Hz) and intensity of 2 mT on the mortality of Rattus norvegicus norvegicus rat by oral administration of water exposed to this radiation for four hours was investigated. Effect of the sublethal frequency on the physicochemical parameters of water, count of bacteria in water and liver tissues of the rat were also studied. After one month of the experiment, the highest frequency 250 Hz recorded 80% mortality of rats. While, the lowest frequency 50 Hz not exhibited any mortality till the end of experiment. This sublethal frequency caused an increase in temperature, a decrease in total dissolved solids and no change in pH value, salinity, chlorinity and alkalinity of water. It showed also observed bactericidal effect against the water bacteria. It is significantly reduced the number of Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens colonies and completely prevent the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria in comparing to the unexposed water (control). Destroying in the liver tissue cells was also recorded by this frequency.
Rattus norvegicus
Electromagnetic radiation
mortality of rats
physiochemical parameters of water
toxicological effects on rat liver
2018
12
01
1
13
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_22729_1feb48c93df7c63de7d385397fbfba3e.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2018
10
2
Chitosan and Nano-Chitosan Efficacy Against the Land Snails Eobania vermiculata and Monacha obstructa (Muller) Under Laboratory Conditions
Eman
Khidr
The effect of chitosan and nano-chitosan on the land snails Eobania vermiculata and Monacha obstructa was investigated. Under laboratory conditions, the LC50 values recorded, 8.6%. and 6.9 % for E. vermiculata and M. obstructa treated with chitosan, respectively. On the other hand, snails treated with different concentrations of nano-chitosan, resulted in LC50 values of 1.4% and 0.16% for E. vermiculata and M. obstructa, respectively. The effects of both compounds on certain biochemical parameters were recognized. When chitosan and nano-chitosan were applied at the LC50 level, the total protein activities showed significant increase compared to control for E. vermiculata. The same compounds showed a significant decrease in the level of total protein for M. obstructa . Natural chitosan increased the level of total lipid from 32.5 to 52.5 g/dL after the treatment. While nano-chitosan increased it up to 78.33 g/dL for E. vermiculata. Also, natural chitosan increased the total lipid from 25.0 to 37.5 g/dL for M. obstructa compared to an increase of 52.5g/dL attained by the effect of nano-chitosan particles.
Chitosan
Nano-chitosan
Eobania vermiculata
Monacha obstructa
2018
12
01
15
25
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_22730_768781f2c88a546cc0f19fcc8c9a64c6.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2018
10
2
Sequence Variations and Phylogeny Relationships Among Seven River Nile Teleosti Species from Qena, Egypt Based on Mitochondrial 16S Rrna Gene Sequences
Mohammed
EL-Mahdi
The amplified PCR products from mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene were sequenced for seven River Nile teleost species. The obtained sequences ranged in size from 557 (Clarias gariepinus) to 602 (Bagrus bajad) nucleotides. Nucleic acid base composition of the 16S rRNA gene sequences were found to be comparable to other vertebrates having higher AT content relative to GC content. The 16S rRNA sequences have variable regions flanked by six conserved stretches, which could be useful for phylogenetic studies. Results indicated the close genetic relations among the studied actinopterygian River Nile fish species, which are likely to share a common ancestor. These new sequence data could be beneficial for effective fish management, conservation and aquaculture purposes. The value in generating sequence data from other family representatives of River Nile telesot species using the 16S rRNA gene primers developed here could provide a useful contribution to future fish phylogenetic and evolutionary studies of fish in this region
Sequence variations
Phylogeny
mitochondrial DNA
16s rRNA gene
Actinopterygii
River Nile
Qena
Egypt
2018
12
01
27
40
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_22731_583bd6fcc67d568ac1fc8749f5fcba73.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2018
10
2
Effects of Fullerene C60 and Fruit Extract of Balanites aegyptiaca Plant on the Nephrotoxicity and Hematotoxicity Induced by Doxorubicin in Diabetic Male Albino Rats.
Abd EL-Raheim
EL-Shater
Muhammad
Salman
Naglaa
Kasem
Mariam
Fawy
There was a relationship between hyperglycemia and pharmakinetic of toxicity of doxorubicin that leads to increasing oxidative stress on cells. This study was aimed to detect the curative effect of some antioxidants drugs (fullerene C60 and mesocarp fruit extract of Balanites aegyptaica) on the hematological and biochemical of kidney function parameters after induced by diabetes and toxicity with doxorubicin on the rats. nine groups of adult male albino rats were established (n= 8). The first group (Gp. 1) was served as a normal group. Gp. 2 was injected intraperitoneal (i.p.) with by streptozotocin at a single dose (45 mg/kg body weight). Diabetic rats (Gp. 3)were injected intraperitoneal (i.p.) with doxorubicin at the dose (5mg/kg body weight)for three days.Diabetic rats (Gp. 4) was given orally fullerene C60 daily at the dose (4 mg/kg body weight).Diabetic rats (Gp. 5) treated orally bymesocarp fruit extract of Balanites aegyptaicaat dose (1.5ml/kg. body weight). Diabetic rats(Gp. 6) treated orally with fullerene C60 plus mesocarp fruit extract of Balanites aegyptaica. Diabetic rats (Gp. 7) intoxicated DOX treated orally with fullerene C60. Diabetic rats (Gp. 8) intoxicated DOX treated orally with mesocarp fruit extract of Balanites aegyptaica. Diabetic rats (Gp. 9) treated orally with fullerene C60 plus mesocarp fruit extract of Balanites aegyptaica. Whole blood and serum were collected for hematological and biochemical of kidney functions examinations, respectively. Diabetes induces, hematotoxicity was determined by a highly significant decrease in red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), blood Platelets (PLTs), haemoglobin (Hb) and PCV value, as well as nephropathy was determined by a highly significant increase in creatinne, urea and uric acid. diabetic rats intoxicated DOX showed the reduction in hematological parameters, also, there were a highly significant increase in kidney function parameters. Fullerene C60 and mesocarp fruit extract of Balanites aegyptaica meliorated hematological and kidney functions indices. It could be concluded that Fullerene C60 and Balanites aegyptiaca, clarified a modulatory role against the cellular damage produced by oxidative stress.
diabetic rats
Doxorubicin
Fullerene and Balanites aegyptaica
2018
12
01
41
52
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_22732_7a12dca4a6f4d7583d3e75107ade2c92.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2018
10
2
Assessment of the Toxic and Teratogenic Effects of Kamagong (Diospyros discolor Willd.) Leaves Extract to the Developing Embryo of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
J.
Flaviano
M.
Kenniker
F.
Ganda
J.
Sacedor
M.
Lee
K.
Cabuhat
This work highlighted the embryo-toxic and teratogenic effects of D. discolor leaves extract to the embryo of D. rerio, a model. Apparently, 100% mortality of embryos was observed in 5% and 10% treatment concentration at 12 hpta. Meanwhile, mortality in lower concentrations increases as time of exposure is prolonged and as the amount of treatment concentration increases. Coagulation was the toxic effect of the plant water extract. On the other hand, heartbeat and hatchability rate decreases as the amount of treatment concentration increases. In terms of teratogenicity, tail malformation was the most marked teratogenic effect of the plant extract. Moreover, growth retardation, head malformation, yolk deformities and abdominal edema were observed. Altogether, D. discolor leaves water extract exhibit toxic and teratogenic effects against D. rerio embryo. Thus, this plant contains active phytochemical components that can be developed as anticancer drugs.
2018
12
01
53
60
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_22733_d81db4a3373bafcb60fe5a14ad7a10c4.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2018
10
2
Biological Aspects on the Blue Crab, Callinectes sapidus (Rathbun, 1896) Inhabiting the Bardawil Lagoon, Northern Sinai, Egypt
Rady
A
Sallam
S.
Abdou
I.
El-Sayed
M
A total of 161 specimens of C. sapidus were collected during the fishing season from November 2016 to July 2017, of the 100 specimens were males (62.1%) and 61 were females (37.9%). The number of obtained specimens has seasonally fluctuated. The highest number of individuals was 67 (41.6%) obtained during spring, compared with the minimum number of 28 individuals (17.4%) collected in summer. The present results showed that 87.3% of the population fell within 75 and 124.9 mm CW and was represented by two modes comprising the sub adults and adults. There were seasonal changes in the size frequency distribution of pooled samples of this species. Males over-dominated females and were represented by the general sex ratio of 1:0.61 males: females. This ratio was tested using the Chi-square (X2) Test for Goodness (P<0.05, df=1) and recorded significant differences in autumn and winter (X2 = 20.82 and 9.32, respectively),where males outnumbered females, but not significant in spring and summer. These results showed also that five maturity stages of females were determined based on morphological shapes called immature, maturing, mature, ripe and spent,but no ovigerous females were detected among the seasonally obtained specimens. The estimated size for 50% sexually mature females was 96 mm CW. There were seasonal changes in the percentage of females with regard to the different maturation stages. Gonad index indicated that males had the highest average in spring and exceeded females which had the highest in summer.
Callinectes sapidus
Bardawil Lagoon
Abundance
sex ratio
Maturity stages
Gonad index
2018
12
01
61
77
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_24696_333c0a0c91bc781c9ee81271cdf497aa.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2018
10
2
Phytoplankton Composition and Dynamics at A Tropical Tidal Creek, Lagos.
Onyema
C.
The diversity and dynamics of phytoplankton at a tropical tidal creek in Lagos, in relation to water chemistry changes, were investigated for twenty-four months. Water samples were collected with a 75cl plastic bottle whereas phytoplankton samples were collected by a 55 µm mesh size standard plankton net towed horizontally for 5 mins at <4 Km/h. Water samples were processed to the laboratory for analysis and the phytoplankton samples were preserved by the addition of 4% unbuffered formalin. Water chemistry characteristics were measured using standard methods. The drop count microscopic analysis method was used to study the phytoplankton. Notable parameters that showed marked variations with season include salinity (0.17 – 30.4‰), rainfall (6 – 330mm), transparency (26 – 191cm), total suspended solids (30 - 360 mg/L), total hardness (18 - 3760 mg/L), chloride (60 - 11165 mg/L), conductivity (263 - 32900 µS/cm), total dissolved solids (197 - 21230 mg/L), sulphate (18.9 - 1140 mg/L), nitrate (4.1 - 42 mg/L), calcium (4.9 – 400.2 mg/L), Magnesium (1.4 - 648 mg/L) and iron (0.08 – 0.99 mg/L). A total of sixty-four phytoplankton species (dominated by diatoms) from five (5) algal classes namely Bacillariophyceae (43 species), Cyanophyceae (11 species), Chlorophyceae (7 species), Euglenophyceae (2 species) and Chrysophyceae (1 species) were observed. The green algae, euglenoids and golden brown algae were more frequently occurring during the wet season. The species with the highest biomass (in terms of numbers) was Aulacoseira granulata var. augustissima. The preponderance of very few species primarily Aulocoseira and Microcystis species in the wet season and Coscinodiscus, Actinoptycus, Odontella and Parabelius species in the dry season is a reflection of the changing water conditions within the tidal creek system from season to season and from fresh to high brackish water conditions. Freshwater taxa in the lagoon were primarily recruited from the freshwater areas especially upstream and including the Ologe lagoon from where they existed in higher concentration and usually brought in with floodwater inflow during the rains. Species of Surirella where likely scoured from the creek substratum whereas Parabelius (tube diatoms) were detached from attached submerged hard substrates
diatom
algae
lagoon
brackish
Mangrove
2018
12
01
79
89
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_24837_478154799f96ef6a6771b4bed06c474a.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2018
10
2
Morphometric Studies of the Esophagus and Stomach in Two Types of Birds Have Different Feeding Behaviors
Fathy
Elshaer
Aim of the work: The present work aims to investigate the morphometrical, aspects of the esophagus and stomach in two different Egyptian birds having different food habits. Materials and Methods: The animals under investigation are Kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis), and Hoopoes (Upupa epops). These birds were caught from Abou-Rawash. Constituency and the Nile Delta in Egypt. The birds were dissected the esophagus and stomach were fixed and stained for the morphometric and microscopic comparative study. Results: From the current results, it was revealed that there are some morphometric differences between the esophagus in kingfishers and hoopoe. The esophagus of kingfishers is shorter than hoopoe, while the stomach (proventriculus length and wide) are moderately bigger than in hoopoe species. Stomach in the two studied birds is divided into two parts, glandular or true stomach (proventriculus) and the muscular stomach or gizzard (ventriculus). The glandular stomach of both kingfisher and hoopoe showing moderate differences in length and width. The relative size of these organs was variable according to the food habits and this may be the reasons of the differences between the two stomachs, so, in the birds that eat hard food items as in kingfisher proventriculus (bird species under investigation) was wide due to the high number of glands component.
2018
12
01
91
97
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_29936_960087f016baa4e0bc12a2298d050e01.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0759
2018
10
2
Abundance and Distribution of Plant Parasitic Nematodes Associated With Some Different Plant Hosts
Entsar
Taha
Our survey conducted to study the distribution and abundance of plant parasitic nematodes associated with different vegetation in Shoubra El-Kheima. Nematode infection had not been surveyed before in this area. The data showed the presence of ten plant parasitic nematode genera, which were: Meloidogyne sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Criconema sp., Pratylenchus sp., Rotylenchulus, Tylenchorhynchus sp., Tylenchulus, Paratylenchus sp., Tylenchus sp., and Xiphinema sp. Nematodes were extracted by using modified burmman funnel and identified using identification keys. Results showed that Meloidogyne was the most common plant parasitic nematode. Data demonstrated that, 10 genera of plant parasitic nematodes were recorded to be associated with the examined crops. The highest and lowest frequency of occurrence (FO %) of nematodes in vegetable hosts were represented by Meloidogyne and Paratylenchus (26.0% and 10.5% respectively). While, the genera Criconemella, Xiphinema, and Tylenchulus didn't record in the examined vegetable plants. On the other hand, data of fruits recorded that: Highest and lowest Fo% of nematodes were Meloidogyne and Criconemella (53.3% and 7.8% respectively). Ornamentals showed that, highest FO% was Meloidogyne (27.0) and lowest was Tylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus equally (1.7). Conclusion: Meloidogyne, and Pratylenchus were the widest genera in distribution. Moreover, tomato, grapes, and Ficus carica were highly susceptible.
Egypt
Distribution
Plant parasitic nematodes
and Host plants
2018
12
01
99
109
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_47007_d5ab794fb64c1be6374a5f81c7055968.pdf