Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
5
1
2013
06
01
A note on the bird diversity at two sites in Khartoum, Sudan
1
10
EN
Osman
Salah
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum. P.O. Box 321, Postal Code 11115, Khartoum, Sudan
Eihab
Idris
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum. P.O. Box 321, Postal Code 11115, Khartoum, Sudan
10.21608/eajbsz.2013.13505
The diversity of bird species is expected to vary with habitat type even at the smallest spatial scales. In this paper, we describe a preliminary survey conducted for the avifauna at two locations in Khartoum city, namely, Sunut forest and Tuti Island. The ecology of both sites is influenced by their proximity to the Nile River and thus they are characterized by dense vegetation cover. Moreover, the two sites lie very close to each other, implying that the climatic conditions are virtually identical. However, the two sites differ with respect to one major environmental respect, that is, the intensity of human influence. Tuti Island represents a man-made habitat and the vegetation at the site is mainly agricultural. On the other side, Sunut forest is a natural habitat and the vegetation cover at the site is dominated by the wild <em>Acacia nilotica</em> trees. The goal of the study is to compare the bird composition between the two sites in order to assess the effect of habitat type on the spatial variation in the abundance and diversity of birds. Overall, forty one species were recorded at the two sites during a five-month period: twenty four species at Sunut forest and thirty species at TutiIsland. Statistical investigation of avian diversity using Shannon index has detected a significant difference between the two sites, most likely due to variable human impact.
Urban avifauna,biodiversity,spatial variation,Sunut forest,Tuti Island,Shannon index
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13505.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13505_165b53b1829fed842fe0a813be6f1f07.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
5
1
2013
06
01
Influence of domestic freezing on the biochemical composition and mineral contents of fish muscles
11
16
EN
Mariam
Mahmoud
Sharaf
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsz.2013.13506
The freezing of fish at (-18°C) in the freezer compartment of a domestic refrigerator for 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks influenced the biochemical composition and mineral contents of the muscles. The chemical analysis of the muscles of the studied fish recorded high values (% dry weight) of protein, fat and ash contents and moisture for the fresh samples and there was a significant (P>0.05) decrease at the end of the eight weeks of freezing fish. The relationship between the four components of fresh and frozen <em>Tilapia</em> muscles was detected. There was only a significant (P>0.05) relationship between protein and fat contents (0.999) and between moisture and ash contents (0.998) after the 8 weeks of freezing, as for the mineral content of the frozen fish. The maximum values recorded throughout the freezing period were after 2 weeks of freezing (Cu, Ca, K, and Zn); after 4 weeks (P ,Na and K) and after 8 weeks (Mg, Fe and Na).
In conclusion, the present results determinate the quality changes during storage period (8 weeks) and how long fish muscle can be stored without any deterioration in a domestic refrigerator.
fish,freezing,Biochemical composition,mineral contents
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13506.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13506_2602a6e9d87761cddf77b73b4ea7b3ac.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
5
1
2013
06
01
Investigation and characterization of the 16S rRNA gene in the Salmo trutta fario and Salmo trutta caspius
17
22
EN
Abolhasan
Rezaei
Department of Basic Science, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.
a.rezaei@tonekaboniau.ac.ir
10.21608/eajbsz.2013.13507
16S rRNA gene in the <em>salmo trutta fario</em> and <em>Salmo trutta caspius</em> has been polymerized, characterized and compared with within and between of <em>salmonids</em> species. The full lengths of 16S rRNA gene in species of salmons were sequenced approximately 1.7 kb and deposited in GenBank. We designed one pair of primer for amplification of 16S rRNA gene in species of<em> s.t.caspius</em> and <em>s. t. fario</em>. In present study, DNA extracted from muscles of <em>s. t. fario </em>and <em>s.t.caspius</em> for amplification of the 16S rRNA gene. After running PCR on the gel, against the PCR product had taken photo by Gel DOC. The results are shown there was high homology between <em>solmonids</em>, because we got PCR product around 1700bp equal of full length of 16S rRNA gene that reported in GenBank. However, the homology of PCR products were very high, but the shape of <em>s. t. fario</em> with <em>s.t.caspius</em> is different, <em>s.t.fario</em> has red to purple color dots on the skin but regards <em>salmo salar</em> and <em>s.t. caspius</em> have grey to black dots colors on the skin.
Salmo trutta caspius,Salmo trutta fario,Mitochondrial genomic,16s rRNA gene
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13507.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13507_ebd69cc46b7a6fbfdbac75cab58fb135.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
5
1
2013
06
01
Pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in animals
23
32
EN
Dibyajyoti
Saha
Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Dibyajyoti Saha, D.Sc. Chairman,
Swati
Paul
Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong
10.21608/eajbsz.2013.13508
Ciprofloxacin is absorbed primarily from the duodenum and jejunum when administered orally to monogastric animals. Bioavailability from parenteral injection sites is nearly 100 percent for all fluoroquinolones in most cases. Enrofloxacin (Congener of ciprofloxacin) penetrates into milk to attain approximately twice the maximum concentration of ciprofloxacin at similar plasma concentrations, although the elimination of enrofloxacin from mild is approximately twice as fast as that of ciprofloxacin. The article highlights the proper dose, route of administration, pharmacokinetic parameters of animals as well as recommended dosages of ciprofloxacin in animals.
Pharmacokinetics,ciprofloxacin,Dose,Animals
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13508.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13508_1bddb59687f1cd20941658554ae47ed8.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
5
1
2013
06
01
Studies of the rate homology between 16S rRNA gene in the uncultured Paenibacillus species clone: T-168 and other 16S rRNA gene in the Paenibacillus species
33
40
EN
Abolhasan
Rezaei
Department of Basic Science, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.
a.rezaei@tonekaboniau.ac.ir
10.21608/eajbsz.2013.13509
Theuncultured<em> Paenibacillus </em>species<em> </em> clone: T-168 was isolated from muscle tissue of <em>salmo trutta caspius</em> (fish species) for studies of their 16S rRNA gene. A one pair of 16S rRNA gene was designed by BLAST and DNAMAN computer program. After amplifying of RNA gene, were sequenced and deposited GenBank, accession number, AB828175.1. 16S rRNA gene of uncultured<em> Paenibacillus</em> clone: T-168 were aligned between some species of bacteria specially <em>Paenibacilus</em>. The results showed that there was homology between 16S rRNA gene of uncultured<em> Paenibacillus</em> clone: T-168 and 16S rRNA gene in other species of bacteria.
16S rRNA gene of uncultured Paenibacillus clone: T-168,Bacteria,Sequencing
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13509.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13509_c2b62c2736585e927c57447b995b91d5.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
5
1
2013
06
01
Biosynthesis of silver Nanoparticles from marine sponge Callysspongia diffusa associated - P. fluorescens BCPBMS-1
40
48
EN
V.
Vasanthabharathi
CAS in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamilnadu, India.
V.
Kalaiselvi
CAS in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamilnadu, India.
S. J
Jayalakshmi
CAS in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamilnadu, India.
10.21608/eajbsz.2013.13510
New applications of nanomaterials are rapidly emerging. The synthesis of nanoparticles is a cornerstone of nanotechnology. Microbial cells are highly-organized units, regarding morphology and metabolic pathways, capable of synthesizing well size-calibrated and well-structured particles. Furthermore, biogenic nanoparticles often are water-soluble and biocompatible, which is essential for many applications. Molecular identification of a novel strain <em>P. fluorescens</em> BCPBMS-1 from sponge <em>Callysspongia diffusa</em> (Mandapam Coast) through 16s rRNA ribotyping (Gen bank accession number: HQ907732). The silver nanoparticles were analyzed by UV-Visible spectroscopy. Their chemical composition was determined by FT-IR spectroscopy. SEM observationrevealed that silver nano particles are having spherical shape. The antibacterial activities of silver nanoparticles were screened against common human pathogen<em> Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae </em>and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>.Among these5mm antibacterial activity was observed with <em>E. coli</em>, 4mm with <em>P. mirabilis </em>and <em>S. typhi, </em>3mm activity was observed with<em> S. paratyphi</em>.These results suggest that Ag nanoparticles can be used as effective growth inhibitors in various microorganisms, making them applicable to diverse medical devices and antimicrobial control systems.
silver nanoparticles,FT-IR,SEM
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13510.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13510_24ae9e61f48690dacc5ea441b640405d.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
5
1
2013
06
01
Natural co-infection and species composition of Eimeria in sheep in Al-Baha area, Saudi Arabia
49
58
EN
Mohamed
Moussa
Ibrahim
1- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
2- Science Department, Faculty of Education, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia.
Amro
Al Sayed A
Afsa
Al-Baha Official abattoirs, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
10.21608/eajbsz.2013.13511
This work aimed to 1) identify<em>Eimeria</em> speciesof sheep 2) investigatesthe factors that might potentially influence their prevalence and parasite load and 3) study the associations between <em>Eimeria</em> species. This study was conducted in Al-Baha area, Saudi Arabia from March 2012 to May 2013. Out of 487 faecal samples examined, 227 (46.61%) were positive for <em>Eimeria</em> oocysts. The species composition of <em>Eimeria</em> consisted of eight species. They were <em>E. crandallis </em>(29.8%)<em>, E. bakuensis </em>(27.9%)<em>, E. weybridgensis </em>(23.4%)<em>, E. ahsata </em>(12.3 %)<em>, E. intricate </em>(9.9 %)<em>, E. faurei </em>(7.6 %)<em>, E. parva </em>(4.7 %)and <em>E. pallida </em>(2.9 %). The overall mean species richness of <em>Eimeria</em> species harbored per host was 1.27 ± 0.07. Host age, season and location played a significant role in determining <em>Eimeria</em> species richness, prevalence and parasite load. Significant negative correlations were found between host age and both prevalence and oocysts' number per gram of faeces (OPG). Multiple-species infections were commonly present in all age categories and declined with host age. Some <em>Eimeria</em> species consistently co-occurred and positive pair-wise associations were found. In conclusion, the prevalence and parasite load are affected by host age and season.
Eimeria,Oocysts,sheep,co-infection,host age,season,Saudi Arabia
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13511.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13511_47f93580e6f47755f16420a6a1aa162f.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
5
1
2013
06
01
Soy isoflavones reduce adiposity via increasing estrogen receptor beta expression in ovariectomized female rats.
59
71
EN
Heba
M.A.
AbdelRazek
Department of physiology, Faculty Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University
Hend
M.
Tag
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University
Hekmat
M.
Tantawy
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University
Hanan
Thabet
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University
10.21608/eajbsz.2013.13512
Soy phytoestrogens have estrogenic activity and are used as a natural substitute for estrogen as a replacement therapy in case of estrogen deficiency. They have many useful activities in vitro and in vivo. However, Evidence is emerging that dietary phytoestrogens play a beneficial role in obesity and metabolic syndrome. The objectives of this study was to determine the effect of soy phytoestrogens on some metabolic parameters including energetic status (weekly food intake and body weight gain), abdominal and brown fat masses, adipocyte size, estradiol receptor beta (ERβ) expression in adipocytes, liver fatty changes, plasma high density lipoproteins (HDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT), plasma leptin and adiponectin levels. A total of 30 ovariectomized female Albino rats were divided into two groups (15 females / group). Control group (C) received phytoestrogen-free casein-based diet and high soy phytoestrogens (HF) group received high phytoestrogens diet containing (27% soybeans) for 7 weeks. The results revealed that high phytoestrogens in diet decreased food intake and body weight gain significantly (P<0.05) than control group starting from 4<sup>th</sup> week and 5<sup>th</sup> week, respectively. Abdominal fat mass, brown fat masses and adipocytes size were significantly (P<0.05) lower in HF group than control. Adipocytes ERβ expression of in HF group was significantly (P<0.05) higher than control. The histopathological studies showed fatty infiltration in control group. The expression values of ERβ in adipocytes was significantly higher (P<0.05) in HF group than control. Levels of HDL was significantly (P<0.05) increased in HF group while LDL, TC and TG were significantly (p<0.05) decreased than control. Oral glucose tolerance showed non significant change while insulin sensitivity was significantly improved in HF group. Plasma leptin levels were significantly (P<0.05) decreased, while adiponectin levels were increase in HF group than control group. These findings show the high dietary phytoestrogens interfere with adiposity and metabolic syndrome via increasing adipose ERβ expression with consequent reduction in leptin production and increase in adiponectin level that improves insulin sensitivity in ovariectomized female rats.
Phytoestrogens ,Lipid profile,ERβ,leptin,adiponectin,Overiectomized rats
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13512.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13512_d953f8e643c92f9ef2eca5312fc3493f.pdf