Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
10
1
2018
06
01
Infestation Study of Livoneca redmanii (Isopoda, Cymothoidae) on Mugil cephalus in Lake Qarun, Egypt
1
17
EN
Ahmed
M.
Helal
Marine Biology branch, Zoology Depart., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
osamasayed1990@gmail.com
Osama
E. A. Yousef
Yousef
Marine Biology branch, Zoology Depart., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsz.2018.13425
The present study deals with the infestation study of <em>Livoneca redmanii </em>(Isopoda, Cymothoidae) on <em>Mugil cephalus</em> in Lake Qarun, Egypt. Out of 576 examined fish collected monthly from the different localities of Lake Qarun during the period (January - December, 2016) there are 269 (46.7 %) fish were infested by crustacean parasite. Results showed that the highest infestation percentage in <em>Mugil cephalus</em> was 76.20 % recorded in February and the lowest one occurred in January (19.40 %). Generally, the infestation percentage in male fishes is lower than those in females being, 34.6 % and 65.4 % respectively. In case of males the highest infestation percentage occurred in July being, 65.5 %, while in case of females the highest percentage was 72.1 % in March.
The isopod parasite, <em>Livoneca </em><em>redmanii</em><em>,</em> preferred medium size fish (14-17 cm) with infestation percentage 70.64 % and fishes that had weight ranged between 12 g and 14 g with infestation percentage being, 78.82 %. Also, this parasitic isopodinfected gill bilateral and/or unilateral infection per hosted fish with percentage being 98.1 %. The main clinical signs in infected fishes appeared in slow swimming at the water surface, extensive mucus secretion, increased opercula movement and some fishes aggregated on the surface and accumulated at the fresh water inlet. Examination of post mortem lesions revealed that presence of ulcer and erosion blew the gills at the site of parasite and skin abnormalities such as skin ulcers, scale-less and discoloration<strong>.</strong>
Histopathological examination of infected gills showed hyperplasia of epithelial cells in gill filament<strong>. </strong>Hyperplasia of lamellar epithelium and mucous secreting cells tend to be confusion between secondary gill lamellae<strong>, </strong>lifting of secondary lamellaeand congested blood vessels were also noticed<strong>. </strong>It is now clear that cymothoid isopod, <em>Livoneca redmanii</em> was causes economic loss associated with reduced fish growth, high mortality and marked drop in fish production from Lake Qarun.
Infestation,Livoneca redmanii,histopathology,Mugil cephalus,Lake Qarun
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13425.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13425_5510757ad7e7390d06490c2b6721f3da.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
10
1
2018
06
01
Seasonal variations in abundance and sex ratio of the freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii from four freshwater localities, River Nile, Egypt
19
28
EN
El-Sayed
A. A.
M.
Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt,
Shaaban
E.
A.
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Al Kanater, Egypt
El Feky
F.A.
A.
Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Abd El Gawad
S.
S.
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Al Kanater, Egypt,
Mohamoud
N.
H.
Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/eajbsz.2018.13426
A total of 693 specimens of the freshwater crayfish, <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> were collected from four sites chosen along the River Nile, at Helwan (Site #1), El Warraq (site #2), El Rahawy (Site #3) and El Rayah El Mounofy (Site#4) during the period from summer 2014 to the following spring 2015. Most individuals of the collected specimens were characterized by hard-rigid outer exoskeleton, with dark-red, or deep brownish color carapace. But some specimens had old green or grey color carapace with scars and epibiotes. The collected specimens showed spatial and temporal variations, recorded 242 specimens (34.92% of all) from El Rayah El Mounofy, declined gradually into 173 (24.96%), 163 (23.52% ) and 115 (16.59%) at El Warraq, El Rahawy and Helwan, respectively. Seasonally, the highest number of individuals was 266 (29.4%), collected in spring, of them 115 were obtained from El Warraq, but declined gradually into 193 (28.9%) in summer, and 183 (24.3%) in autumn and reached the minimum number (51 individuals, 17.3%) in winter. The present results also showed that, no specimens were collected from Helwan during winter, and only 3 individuals were obtained from El Warraq, compared with 17 and 31 specimens collected from El Rahawy and El Rayah El Mounofy, respectively. In contrast, during summer, only 11 specimens were collected from El Rayah El Mounofy. The fluctuations in number of collected individuals of this species were greatly correlated with increasing in water temperature and water level after winter enclosure. The general sex ratio was 1:0.47 males: females and showed significant statistical variations between sites and seasons, recorded 1:0.40, 1:49, 1:0.63 and 1:0.40, males to females at Helwan, El Warraq, El Rayah El Mounofy and El Rahaway, respectively. The present data showed that, the whole populations of this species were varied from 6.6 to 14.3 cm in total length, from 26.84 ±14.42 at Helwan to 34.48±22.5g at El Rahawy.
Abundance,River Nile,Crayfish,sex ratio,body weight,total length,Egypt
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13426.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13426_6bcd806d7939500e144f611e1b073abf.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
10
1
2018
06
01
Lizard Community in Tathleeth District of Southwestern Saudi Arabia
29
34
EN
Abdulaziz
R.M.
Alqahtani
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Bisha, P.O. 551, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
arabe@ub.edu.sa
10.21608/eajbsz.2018.13427
Tathleeth governorate in Aseer region of southwestern Saudi Arabia has been surveyed for 22 lizard species belonging to 6 families throughout three years started from 2015. A total of 412 specimens of these lizards were encountered and identified. Gekkonidae represented the major family inhabiting the region comprising more than 50% of the collected lizards. Agamidae was represented by 5 species comprising more than 23% of the recorded lizards. The other four families (Lacertidae, Scincidae, Chamaeleonidae and Varanidae) comprised approximately 20% of all the collected lizards. The current survey could be used as conservational clue for the herpetofauna of Tathleeth.
Herpetofauna,Tathleeth,lizards,biodiversity
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13427.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13427_a1d9a99eb1a6aaf8c06160cb71d526e1.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
10
1
2018
06
01
Effects of Mannan-oligosaccharide and β-Glucan Prebiotic on the Brain Oxidant/Antioxidant Balance in Broilers under Natural Egyptian Summer Conditions
35
46
EN
Sohair
M. M.
Rageb
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
sohair.2008@yahoo.com
Elham
A.
Abd-Allah
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science-New Valley, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Nasser
S.
Abou Khalil
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Fatma
M.
Abdel-Maksoud
Department of Anatomy & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Usama
T.
Mahmoud
Department of Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsz.2018.13428
This study was conducted to investigate the potential effects of mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) and β-glucan (BG) prebiotic (AGRIMOS<sup>®</sup>) on the redox homeostasis, histopathology, and microglia count in the brain of heat-stressed broiler chickens. One hundred sixty eight (168) Ross one-day-old broiler chicks were obtained from local hatchery. The experiment was started at 28-day old; where birds were exposed to heat stress and were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments containing 0 (control), 0.5, 2, and 4 g/kg MOS and BG probiotic, respectively, for 14 days. Each treatment consisted of three replicates of 14 birds each (i.e., total birds/treatment count is 42 birds). The results indicated a significant decrease in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in all MOS and β-glucan prebiotic treated groups. Supplementation with 0.5 g of prebiotic/kg diet resulted in a significant increase in glutathione levels; however, a significant decrease in superoxide radicals was found at dose of 4 g of prebiotic/kg diet. The levels of lipid peroxidation in supplemented groups exhibited a significant decrease at doses of 2 and 4 g of prebiotic/kg diet. Although there were no obvious changes in the histoarchitecture of cerebellar tissues, a significant increase in the number of microglia was evident following administration with 4 g of prebiotic/kg diet. In conclusion, supplementation of MOS and BG may be regarded as promising candidate for alleviating the undesirable effects of heat challenge on the brain of broiler chickens, nevertheless; further studies are warranted to look for other nutritional approaches.
prebiotic,broiler,heat stress,Brain,oxidant/antioxidant,microglia
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13428.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13428_3f3b338f91b2c38718a473e1691b5a73.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
10
1
2018
06
01
Reproductive Biology of The Solitary Ascidian, Herdmania momus (Ascidiacea: Hemichordta) from Hurghada Coasts, Red Sea, Egypt
47
60
EN
El-Sayed
A. A.
M.
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo
awaad_am@hotmail.com
El-Damhogy
Kh.
A.
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo.
Hanafy
M.
H.
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia.
Gad El-Karemm
A.
F.
Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency, Hurghada Branch
10.21608/eajbsz.2018.13429
The reproductive biology of the ascidian <em>Herdmania momus</em> (Savigny, 1816) was studied at anthropogenic impacted sites along Hurghada coasts, Red Sea, Egypt, during January - December 2013. The specimens of this species were collected monthly from the shallow subtidal zones, and varied from 1.20 to 7.0 cm in total length and from 1.28 to 50 g in total body weight. The results showed that, <em>H. momus</em> is hermaphrodite, carries ovaries and testes at the same individuals, but ovaries are larger in size and shapes than testes. The smallest immature individual has 1.2 cm in length; while the smallest mature individual measured 1.46 cm in length and 1.18 g in weight, with ovaries of 0.041g in weight. The sexually mature individuals of this species have ovaries containing oocytes varied in shapes and sizes, passing through four main stages of maturation reaching stage IV or late vitellogenic stage (ripe ova), with oocytes varied from 100 to 140 µm in diameter, characterized with deep orange color and dense accumulation of yolk granules. It was followed by stage V or spent stage of irregular resorbed eggs. The appearance of ripe ova at stage IV showed spatial and temporal variations. The monthly averages of gonadosomatic indices (GSI) exhibited that, the whole populations of this species at all sites have lengthy breeding season extends nearly all the year around and characterizes with high peaks in gonadal activity during January (6.21), April (6.15), June (6.47), July (6.28), declined slightly in May (5.86), and September (5.15), with remarkably spatial variations at the studied sites. The number of mature eggs or fecundity varied from 1481 to 3724 and averaged of 3082.96±769.96 eggs for all populations. These values exhibited greatly individual variations denoting to partially spawning for each individual. The relationship between total body length (cm) and mean the number of eggs (fecundity) showed an increase in egg number with an increase in animal length
Ascidians,Red Sea,Reproduction,Gonads,maturity,fecundity
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13429.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13429_afb0b33a260510397da147f5032a672b.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
10
1
2018
06
01
Prevalence of Cestode Parasites of Some freshwater Fishes Cultivated In EL-Abbasa Fish Farm, Egypt.
61
69
EN
Ramadan
A.
Mohammed
Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Egypt.
Sabry
M.A.
Shehata
Marine Biology branch, Zoology Depart., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Mohamed
H.
Ghanem
Marine Biology branch, Zoology Depart., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Yasser
M.
Abdelhadi
Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Egypt
Mahmoud
Kh .
Radwan
Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsz.2018.13430
This study was carried out on 694 <em>Clarias gariepinus</em>and 846<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> fish specimens. The fish were randomly collected seasonally, from different fish farms of El-Abbassa, Abu-Hammad, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. They were used to investigate the prevalence of cestode parasites in<em> C. gariepinus</em> and <em>O. niloticus.</em> Parasitological examination of these fishes revealed that the, highest prevalence rates of Cestodain the fish were recorded in small fishes during summer and the lowest values were observed in the samples of the large size during winter. The study concluded that, the <em>C. gariepinus</em> are more attacked by internal cestode parasites compared <em>O. niloticus</em>. Parasites included <em>Proteocephalus glanduligerus, Polyonchobothrium clarias and Monobothrium </em>sp. The morphology of each species was compared with earlier descriptions, and a diagnostic character of intestinal Cestode species in this geographic region was developed.
prevalence,Cestode parasites,Commercially Fishes,El-Abbasa,fish farms
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13430.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13430_7fb4ab41f06c86a37d8800289e451bc3.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
10
1
2018
06
01
In Vivo Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Pendimethalin on Haematological and Biochemical Indices of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)
71
81
EN
Olufemi
D.
Owolab
Department of Zoology, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin 240003, Nigeria
olulabi47@yahoo.com
Olutomi
A.
Adeyemi-Ale
Department of Zoology, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin 240003, Nigeria
10.21608/eajbsz.2018.13431
In vivo acute and chronic toxicity effects of pendimethalin were carried out on the haematology and biochemical parameters of juvenile <em>Clarias gariepinus</em> subjected to different acute (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 mg/l) and chronic (0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 mg/l) concentrations of pendimethalin for 4 and 28 days, respectively. As concentration of the toxicant increased in both assays, there were significant (P < 0.05) increase in red blood cells (RBCs), haemoglobin (HB) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), while the white blood cells (WBCs), packed cell volume (PCV), mean cell volume (MCV) and mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) significantly decreased compared to the control. Alterations in biochemical parameters in <em>C. gariepinus</em> tissues during both acute and chronic exposures exhibited similar trend of either increase or decrease in activities as the concentration of toxicant increases. In both exposures, the activities of aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the blood, gill and liver, whereas the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glucose and protein in these tissues were significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) compared to the control groups, though the magnitude of induction or inhibition in each tissue differs. The study shows that exposure of <em>C. gariepinus</em> to pendimethalin toxicity could cause oxidative stress and alterations in the haemato-biochemical profile of the fish. Therefore, the use of pendimethalin should be minimized and discouraged especially around aquatic bodies so as to prevent adverse effects on the fauna inhabiting them.
Pendimethalin,Clarias gariepinus,Haematology,biochemistry,Oxidative Stress
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13431.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13431_de6327a2ae6f5b3cc382c6380b0a5643.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
10
1
2018
06
01
Case Study: Dioctophyma renale Infection in Mice, Incidental Finding During Experimental Studies
83
91
EN
Sara
S.
Abdel-Hakeem
0000-0003-1069-5806
Department of Zoology, Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt (71516)
sara_assiut86@yahoo.com
Mahmoud
A.
Abdel-Samiee
Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Assiut University, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsz.2018.13432
<strong>Background</strong>:Accidental diagnosed of <em>Dioctophyma renale </em>parasite in experimental mice as the case in our report.<strong> Methods:</strong> <em>Dioctophyma renale </em>larvae had been reported in the renal pelvis of mice used for experimental studies. The parasite had two locations an intra-renal location (renal pelvis) and an extra-renal one (renal fat).
<strong>Results:</strong> The larvae in the first location causing obvious pathomorphological changes in the renal tissues, consists of atrophy of the renal tubular epithelium dilation of the nephron. The glomerular tuft was also atrophied and it's Bowmen's were dilated. The parasite in the external location was confined by encystment were not associated with any pathological lesions. <strong> Conclusion</strong><strong>:</strong> It had been concluded that <em>Dioctophyma renale </em>had been reported for the first time in mice and were associated with acquired polycystic kidney.
Dioctophyma,renale,Mice,polycystic,kidney
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13432.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13432_056f2119de5e1fda1241200a9dd78e56.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
10
1
2018
06
01
Morphological Characterization of Arthropod Ectoparasites by Scanning Electron Microscopy
93
104
EN
Fatma
El-Zahraa Abd El-Hameed
Abd El-Aziz
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsz.2018.13433
Arthropods constitute a diverse and largest animal phylum of invertebrates. They consist of over 80% of all known animal species and occupying almost every known habitat including marine, freshwater, land and air. Arthropods are important to the ecosystem and to humans. In this context, arthropods ectoparasites cause serious disease to humans and animals and subsequently leading to annual total economic loss. Therefore, an identification of the arthropod ectoparasites is an important tool for the diagnosis and controlling human and animal infections. Hence an identification of the arthropod ectoparasites by electron microscopy needs collecting arthropod ectoparasites, and handling as well as using previous collected data on mite, lice, bed bugs, and fleas. In the present study, the following arthropod ectoparasites: <em>Demodex canis</em> <em>,Pediculus humanus</em>, <em>Haematopinus asini, Linognathus africanus, Cimex lectularius, Ctenocephalides</em><em> canis</em> were collectedand 20%(6/30), 3.61%(3/83), 10%(2/20), 46.67%(7/15), 20%(2/10), and 23.33%(7/30) of these arthropod ectoparasite species, respectively were examined.
Arthropod ectoparasites,Demodex canis,Pediculus humanus,Haematopinus asini,Linognathus africanus,Cimex lectularius,Ctenocephalides canis,Scanning Electron Microscopy
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13433.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13433_5375ae897177003034cf56f8856ac62f.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
10
1
2018
06
01
Evaluation of The Cytotoxicity, Cell Cycle Perturbations and Apoptotic Induction in Human Normal and Cancer Liver Cell Lines Exposed to Potassium Nitrate and Sodium Benzoate
105
118
EN
Amal
Z.
Aledwany
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Wesam
T.
Basal
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Neima
K.
Al-Senosy
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
neimakotb@yahoo.com
Aliaa
M.
Issa
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/eajbsz.2018.26985
<strong><span> </span></strong><span>This proposal investigates <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of two food preservatives commonly consumed in daily meals; potassium nitrate and sodium benzoate. The effect of these two preservatives on cell viability was tested on two different cell lines; normal liver cell line THLE2 and human hepatocellular carcinoma cancer cell line HepG2 using MTT assay. Although the effect was more significantly realized in HepG2 cell line, the viability of both cell lines was decreased by both of the tested compounds. </span><span>Flow cytometric analysis of the HepG2 treated cells has revealed an increase in G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Measurement of expression levels of three central genes; p53, bcl-2 and bax that play key roles in cell cycle and apoptosis were carried out in HepG2 using real time-PCR and western blot. In conclusion, both of the tested compounds have decreased the cell line viability and induced both cell cycle arrest and apopototic events indicating their high potential of being cytotoxic and genotoxic materials. </span>
cytotoxic,Genotoxic,cell cycle arrest,Real-Time PCR,western blot,food additives
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_26985.html
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_26985_b2bb28af85379c1d0a4bd0eb9202ddc8.pdf