eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
2019-05-01
11
2
1
18
10.21608/eajbsz.2019.31092
31092
Original Article
The Protective Effect of Saffron (Crocus sativus l.) against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Toxicity in Some Organs of Albino Rats
Gamal El-Sokkary
1
Eatemad Awadalla
eatemad2000@aswu.edu.eg
2
-Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Assiut University,Assiut, 71516 Egypt
Department of Zoology Faculty of Science Aswan University, Aswan, 81528 Egypt
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) has been extensively exploited in folk medicine for the treatment of a number of ailments. Free radicals propagation has been implicated in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced toxicity, which is involved in lipid peroxidation (LPO). The present study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of saffron on CCl4-induced injuries in some organs of rats. Thirty male albino rats were used in the current study and divided into three groups; control, CCl4 group (0.5 ml/kg body wt.) and CCl4 + saffron (20 mg/kg body wt.). Specimens from livers, kidneys and lungs were taken for biochemical and histopathological studies. The results showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), in addition to the concentration of glutathione (GSH) were decreased while malondialdehyde (MDA) level was increased after CCl4 administration. Also, different morphological changes and marked expression of Bax protein were detected. Treatment with saffron extract was effectively alleviated the alterations in the biochemical markers and morphological structure of liver, kidney and lung. The present study confirms the restoration of normalcy and accredits the ameliorative role of saffron against CCl4-induced toxicity.
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_31092_b778d746488202ce99e015de6046f6fe.pdf
Saffron
Carbon tetrachloride
Antioxidant enzymes
Lipid peroxidation
Morphological changes
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
2019-05-01
11
2
19
30
10.21608/eajbsz.2019.36225
36225
Original Article
Curative Effects of Camel Milk on the Dimethoate Harmful In Energy and Cytochrome-C System in Treated Rats
Ahmed Abdel-Mobdy
1
Yasmin Abdel-Mobdy
2
Amr Nassrallah
amotagly@cu.edu.eg
3
Dairy Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
Economic Entomology and Pesticides Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
Dimethoate (technical and formulated) sublethal doses (1/20 of LD50) were ingested into male albino rats. The intoxicated rats were treated with cow and camel milk as an antitoxic diet to reduce the harmful of the pesticide (both forms). Energy compounds (ATP, ADP and AMP) as well as myokinase activity and also the respiratory system included cytochrome-c, Cytochrome-c-oxidase and succinate-cytochrome-c-reductase were studied in brain, liver and kidneys tissues of adult male albino rats during the experimental period of 3 months. LD50 of the technical and formulated dimethoate as well as the composition of cow and camel milks, were determined. ATP content of the three organs tissue was elevated, but the contents of ADP and AMP were reduced either by technical and formulated dimethoate effects relative to those of the normal healthy control. On the other hands, the effects of technical and formulated dimethoate on mitochondrial cytochrome-c contents and activity of Cytochrome-c-oxidase and succinate-cytochrome-c-reductase was studied. Cytochrome-c contents showed considerable decreases, but the activities of both enzymes of the mitochondrial respiratory system (cytochrome-c contents and Cytochrome-c-oxidase) were stimulated in liver, kidneys and brain tissues. In general, the formulated dimethoate ingestions were more toxic than the technical pesticide ingestions relative to those of normal healthy control. The treatment with Cow and camel milk as antioxidant agents observed antagonistic influence against the harmful of the present pesticide. The milk treatments attenuated the dimethoate toxicity and improved the organophosphorus pesticide disturbance in the present studied parameter. For energy system (ATP, ADP and AMP and also myokinase activity) as well as the respiratory system of cytochrome-c (cytochrome-c level, with cytochrome-c-oxidase and cytochrome-c-reductase activities) were about normalized nearly around of those values in brain, liver and kidneys tissues of the normal control. The desirable treatments of camel milk were more than those of cow milk treatments against the harmful of the technical and formulated dimethoate. In conclusion, the present investigation found that camel milk possesses a potential antitoxic effect and higher than those obtained by cow milk, these may be due to the presence of many beneficial agents. The therapeutic efficacy of camel milk has rather explained by lack of coagulation in an acidic condition of the animal stomach
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_36225_5db65f325db06de99993f48076da9888.pdf
dimethoate
albino rats
cow and camel milk
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
2019-05-01
11
2
31
41
10.21608/eajbsz.2019.36226
36226
Original Article
Anti-Tumor Effect of Cicer Arietinum against the Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Hebatallah Hassan
1
Amany Sayed
amanyasayed@sci.cu.edu.eg
2
1-Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt. 2- Structural Biology Laboratory, Egypt Nanotechnology Center (EGNC), Cairo University, El-Sheikh Zayed Campus, Zayed City, Giza, Egypt.
1-Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt. 2- Structural Biology Laboratory, Egypt Nanotechnology Center (EGNC), Cairo University, El-Sheikh Zayed Campus, Zayed City, Giza, Egypt.
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and deadly subtype of breast cancer. The only treatment option available for TNBC is conventional therapy, which associated with debilitating-side effects and drug-resistance. Therefore, using natural chemo-preventive agents to suppress cancer progression or reverse its initiation is an effective and safe way in cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor effect of Cicer arietinum (CAE) in vitro employing TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and 4T1. Cell viability, Colony formation as readout for single cell ability to form a colony, gelatin-cell adhesion, and immunofluorescence staining were used to assessthat effect. Relative to control cells, our results indicate that CAE treatment significantly decreased cell viability, colony formation, and cell adhesion. Intriguingly, immunofluorescence microscopy unveiled that TNBC cells exhibited an attenuation of the constitutive and EGF-induced p44/42 MAPK signaling pathway implicated in regulating cell survival. Moreover, a morphological transition of TNBC cells from a fibroblast-like spindle-shaped into epithelial-like cells was observed. In conclusion, CAE may emerge as a promising antitumor agent against TNBC possibly via attenuation of EGF-induced p44/42 MAPK signaling.
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_36226_fb8ce05823491a6b0b31b96386288138.pdf
S Breast cancer
Cicer arietinum
p44/42MAPK
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
2019-05-01
11
2
43
49
10.21608/eajbsz.2019.41370
41370
Original Article
Elemental Composition of Plankton In The Atlantic Ocean off the Coast of Lagos, Nigeria
Akanmu T.
titipopoola@gmail.com
1
Onyema C.
ionyema@unilag.edu.ng
2
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
The determination of the elemental composition of plankton is important for interpretation of functional states of the aquatic ecosystems. The present study is focused on the elemental composition of the plankton assemblages from the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Lagos, Nigeria using scanning electron microscope - SEM (VEGA3 TESCAN) coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry - EDS (Quantax 200, Bruker EDX) at an accelerating voltage of 5 - 20 kV. Surface plankton samples were collected by horizontal tows with a plankton net (55 μm pore mesh size) at approximately 15 km away from the seashore along the entire Lagos shoreline (180km). The result from the SEM/EDS technique showed that the plankton is composed majorly of 13 elements (O, C, Si, Al, Cl, Fe, Mg, Na, K, S, Ti, Ca and P). The mineral particles of calcium (0.2%), potassium (1.3%), sodium (1.5%), chlorine (5.0%), magnesium (1.8%) and iron (3.3%) as well as organogenic elements of oxygen (36.9%), carbon (27.8%), sulphur (1%) and phosphorus (0.2%) were quantified.
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_41370_368f2fa5e3debfe50f68fa45ed0e5936.pdf
Plankton
SEA
diatom
iron
SEM/EDS
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
2019-05-01
11
2
51
64
10.21608/eajbsz.2019.41894
41894
Original Article
Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Rats Induced With Diethyl Nitrosamine and the Hepatoprotective Role of Some Antioxidants
Samir Zaahkouk
1
Ahmed. Mehany
2
Sawsan El-Shamy
3
Salah EL-Sharkawy
salahmontaser10@yahoo.com
4
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
General Biology, Basic Science Center, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt.
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and in Egypt the most common form of primary liver cancer. HCC represents the second most prevalent cancer among men in Egypt. The important risk factors for HCC include hepatitis C and B, alcoholic, schistosomiasis, aflatoxins (AFB), hypothirodism and cirrhosis. Diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) is a well-known strong hepatocarcinogenic agent. It is known that DEN induces damage in enzymes involved in DNA repair and is normally used to induce liver cancer in experimental animal models as rats. Curcumin is a strong anti-inflammatory agent and anti-cancer effects with strong therapeutic potential against a variety of cancers. Vitamin C is an important free radical scavenger in extracellular fluids, trapping radicals and protecting bio membranes from peroxide damage and tissue damage of the liver and in HCC cases. Objective: To evaluate the hematological parameters and some liver function tests in the early stage of HCC and the hepatoprotective role of curcumin and vitamin C.Materials and methods: This study was conducted on a patch of 90 adult mature healthy male albino rats (Rattus rattus) averaged weight (190 ± 10 g) were allowed to acclimatize in the laboratory and distributed into 9 groups 10 rats for each. Hematological parameters and some hepatic tests were measured and histopathology of the liver, for all groups at the end of the experiment.Results: The results showed that significant alterations in all hematological parameters and hepatic function tests when compared with its corresponding level in the control group, and when treated with curcumin and vitamin c the results showed improvement for some parameters when compared with DEN group. Conclusion: Antioxidants like curcumin and vitamin C administration improved the hematological parameters and liver function tests.
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_41894_b4c6c2ad14c13ac1fb4320c7b725e9c2.pdf
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Diethyl nitrosamine
liver biomarkers
Aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index
curcumin and vitamin C
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
2019-05-01
11
2
65
97
10.21608/eajbsz.2019.42092
42092
Original Article
Revision of Families Veneridae and Mactridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) From the Suez Gulf, Egypt
El Mekawy A.
hossammarine@gmail.com
1
El-Sayed M.
awaad_am@hotmail.com
2
Amer A.
3
Sarhan H.
4
Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Egypt
Thirteen species of bivalves belong to families Mactridae and Veneridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) were identified and revised during the present study. These species were collected from 10 sites of the intertidal coastal area along the western coasts of the Suez Gulf during the period from summer 2017 to spring 2018. Family Veneridae dominated Mactridae and was represented by 11 species distributed within 8 genera belonging to 4 subfamilies called Callocardiinae, Circinae, Dosiniinae and Tapetinae. The venerid species comprised Callista florida, Pitar hebraea, Circe corcea, C. rugifera, C. scripta, Circenita callipyga, Gafrarium pectinatum, Dosinia erythraea, D. hepatica, Paphia textile, and Tapes deshayesii. In contrast, family Mactridae had only two species (Mactra lilacea and M. olorina), belong to subfamily Mactrinae. The synonyms, diagnostic characteristics, size, habitats, status, the color of live and dead shells and distribution of the identified species were recorded. The taxonomic position was given provided with a constructed key for identification.
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_42092_aacc84306a9235d6f03160c47f72e2f1.pdf
Red Sea
Gulf of Suez
Mollusca
bivalves
Veneridae
Mactridae
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
2019-05-01
11
2
99
110
10.21608/eajbsz.2019.44517
44517
Original Article
Dynamics of Crustacean Larvae Composition and Abundance in Mesohaline Creeks of Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria
Olatunji Moruf
tunjimoruf@gmail.com
1
oruf O.
2
Amosu I.
3
S. Sadiq
4
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos State- Nigeria
Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Bayero University, Kano, Kano State- Nigeria
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos State- Nigeria
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos State- Nigeria
The physicochemical flux, composition and abundance of crustacean larvae in two mesohaline creeks of Lagos Lagoon were investigated. The status of the Physico-chemical parameters indicates a non-significant difference between variables except Alkalinity with Abule-Eledu Creek having significantly higher mean value (144.4±2.2 mg/L) than Abule-Agege Creek (121.9±4.9 mg/L). The transparency values of the creeks increased with a reduction in the amount of rainfall while the water temperature as well as salinity values increased appreciably with the dry season. An increase in conductivity (>190.40 μS/cm) and salinity (>10.50‰) in the dry months for both creeks was also observed. The crustacean larvae were represented by five orders with Calanoida and Cyclopoida (Sub-Class: Copepoda) were the most frequent and notable orders occurring in Abule-Eledu and Abule-Agege creeks respectively. Other crustacean categories such as Mysida, Calanoida and Harpaticoida were also recorded. Total species diversity was14 in Abule-Eledu creek and 17 in Abule-Agege Creek. Shannon-Wiener Index values ranged between 0.90 and 0.96 for Abule-Eledu Creek and between 0.97 and 1.09 for Abule-Agege Creek. With the exception of Menhinick Index and Equitability Index, all other biotic indices were higher in Abule-Agege Creek than Abule-Eledu creek. This study therefore suggests that Calanoida and Cyclopoida which are orders of the subclass Copepoda are the dominant crustacean zooplankton group in the creeks of the Lagos Lagoon
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_44517_fe0b349807e9f7724fea27dfe97a566e.pdf
Crustacean
Water chemistry
Larvae
Abule-Agege Creek
Abule-Eledu Creek
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
2019-05-01
11
2
111
135
10.21608/eajbsz.2019.50872
50872
Original Article
Studies on the Functional Morphology of the Digestive System of the Fresh Water Thiarid Snail, Mieniplotia scabra (MÜLLER, 1774), Family Thiaridae New to Egypt
Ahmed Moustafa
1
Elamier Hussien
elameer.hussien@sci.svu.edu.eg
2
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, EGYPT
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, EGYPT
Detailed functional morphology of the digestive system of the thiarid snail Mieniplotia scabra is given in this study. The basic anatomical structure is consisting mainly of the mouth opening, the buccal mass, the salivary gland, the esophagus, the stomach, the style sac, the digestive gland, the intestine and the rectum. It confirms to that of any other style – bearing caenogastropods. The muscular structure of the buccal mass of the present snail has been macro and micro anatomically studied. Their structure has been correlated with their function and with the mechanism of feeding. It has been compared with the corresponding constituents of other caenogastropods mainly in family Thiaridae. The esophagus is an almost long tube and divided into three parts; pro - mid-, and post esophagus. The absence of the esophageal pouches and the crop of the alimentary canal of the present species reveal that the present snail is not adapted for cilliary feeding. The main structure of the stomach and the style sac resembles to those described in other thiarid snails. The detailed microanatomy and function of the epithelial lining of the digestive tubules of the digestive gland vary from one group to another thiarid snail according to the mode of feeding and digestion. Thus, in the present style - bearing microphagous herbivorous species the cells of the digestive tubule can be found in any one of the following three phases of activity; absorption, digestion and excretion. Therefore, they may be mainly adapted for intracellular digestion, absorption and excretion. The pro - intestine with its typhlosole, the post - intestine and the rectum have a simple histological structure; each being basically formed of a simple ciliated columnar epithelium with mucus-secreting cells and an outer muscular coat. The anal papilla characterized by the relatively thick muscular coat and long cilia of the epithelial lining.
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_50872_4e1e8eb796ec311b256c12a9cc0ba808.pdf
Freshwater snail
Thiaridae
Mieniplotia scabra – Digestive system – Upper Egypt
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
2019-05-01
11
2
137
145
10.21608/eajbsz.2019.51037
51037
Original Article
Effects of Copper Sulphate Supplementation on Some Physiological Parameters in Male Albino Rats
Enas Abdel-Baky
enashelal5566@yahoo.com
1
Zoology at Biology department- Faculty of Education- Ain Shams University- Egypt.
Copper is an essential trace element required for different metabolic functions. The aim was to investigate the toxic effects induced by the over-exposure to copper sulphate. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into three groups, as follows: the first group (GI) served as untreated control. The second group (GII) and the third group (GIII) were orally treated with a daily dose of copper sulphate 100 mg/kg b.wt. And 200 mg/kg b.wt., respectively for two weeks. Results: At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected and the sera were separated for estimation the levels of total testosterone, follicule stimulating hormone (FSH), leutilizing hormone (LH) and prolactin hormone, alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes; urea, uric acid and creatinine. Results showed a marked reduction in the total testosterone, FSH, LH, and prolactin levels in all treated groups compared to the corresponding controls. Whereas, serum activities ALT, AST, and ALP enzymes and the urea, uric acid and creatinine levels were obviously elevated in all treated groups comparing with control group. Conclusion: The present results revealed that copper sulphate caused disruption in the sexual hormones and all biochemical parameters measured in the current study.
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_51037_6804c7dc6914038febd71cbbdd2cd5ba.pdf
biochemical parameters
Copper sulphate
Sexual hormones
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
2019-05-01
11
2
147
156
10.21608/eajbsz.2019.52852
52852
Original Article
Drying Profiles and Quality Evaluation of Smoke-Dried Catfish (Burchell, 1822) Using Traditional and Ecologically Friendly Kilns in Lagos, Nigeria
Ogunbambo Mogbonjubola
mmogunbambo@gmail.com
1
Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria
Catfish processing by smoke-drying using Traditional Drum Kiln (TDK) is a major source of livelihood in Nigeria. Challenges of standardization of smoke-drying process and quality of smoke-dried fish product prompted the construction of Ecologically Friendly Kiln (EFK). TDK was built according to existing standards while EFK was built to have flame, drying and electronic chambers and smoke filters were also installed. Smoke-drying was carried out for an average of twenty-four hours at a stretch at a temperature range of 60 - 80 0C. Drying profiles were determined by calculating weight loss against time using both kilns while sensory and shelf-life parameters were ascertained with the use of a ten-man panel. EFK fitted with two layers of 0.3 cm smoke filters showed the least clogging and also had best drying profile while smoke-drying using TDK had to be stopped at eighteen hours because the smoke-dried catfish product was becoming very brittle. The sensory parameters of appearance, odour, taste, and flavour although were all scored high by the sensory panel, were significantly higher with the catfish samples smoke-dried using EFK. Mould growth was found to be significantly lower in samples smoke-dried using EFK. This study showed that maintaining smoke-drying temperature between 60 - 80 0C generally produced high-quality smoke-dried fish but smoke-drying using Ecologically Friendly Kiln produced fish with significantly higher sensory and shelf life quality.
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_52852_486676386b7039f4f4d53602089939f6.pdf
catfish
Traditional Drum Kiln
Ecologically Friendly Kiln
Smoke-drying
Lagos
eng
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
2090-0759
2090-0821
2019-05-01
11
2
157
170
10.21608/eajbsz.2019.67899
67899
Original Article
Sequencing Analysis of Mitochondrial Genomic and Relationship between Salmo Trutta Fario Populations in Iran
Goleij, Pouya
1
Rezaei, Abolhasan
abolhasanrezaei70@gmail.com
2
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Iran
In this study, phylogenetic and morphological studies of Salmo trutta fario isolate Persicus with partial and complete mitochondrial sequencing was carried out. The full length and partial sequencing (NADH 1 gene) were sequenced and deposited in GenBank accession numbers LC137015, LC137894, LC154931, LC1549281, and LC011387.1. Almost all meristic traits values were the same between Salmo trutta fario caught from the four regions Cheshmeh Kile, Jaj Roud, Ghasem Abad and Siahkal Roud. On the other hand, studies of molecular phylogenetic-based Maximum Parsimony between Salmo trutta fario isolate Persicus and another 50 nucleotide sequences of Salmonid species showed low variation between Salmo trutta fario (LC137015), Salmo trutta caspius (LC011387.1) and Salmo Salar (different accession numbers). Moreover, Maximum Composite Likelihood Estimate conducted was conducted using MEGA software version 7.0. According to that, rates of different transitional and transversional changes are shown. The resulting nucleotide frequencies are 29.76% (A), 26.34% (T/U), 24.24% (C) and 19.66% (G). The transition/transversion rate ratios are k1= 23.652 (purines) and k2 = 0.053 (pyrimidines). The analysis involved five nucleotide sequences. According to the lengths of branches, salmo trutta fario – Jaj Roud 1 (LC154929), salmo trutta fario-Jaj Roud 2 (LC154931.1), salmo trutta fario-Siahkal Roud (LC1549281), salmo trutta fario-Cheshmeh Kileh (LC137015), and salmo trutta fario-Ghasem Abad (LC137894) variety were different, respectively. Comparison of partial mitochondrial sequence in Salmo trutta fario for the four regions cited above showed that approximately 99% homology existed between them. In conclusion, the mitochondrial genome homology of Salmo trutta fario and other salmonids were high.
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_67899_24f357786bdbec213d8fbe4a386969e5.pdf
Salmo trutta caspius
Salmo trutta fario
Mitochondrial genomic