@article { author = {Ebaid, Hala and Tag, Hend}, title = {Monosodium Glutamate Toxic Effect on Spleen Structure and Potentiality of Recovery in Adult Albino Rats}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {1-8}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13513}, abstract = {Histological effects of Monosodium glutamate (MSG) commonly used as food additive on the spleen of adult Wistar rats were carefully studied. The rats (n=30), average weight of 115 gm were randomly assigned into four treatments (n=6) and control (n=6) groups. The rats in the treatment groups received 4 mg/kg IP of MSG for fourteen days, while the control group receives the same volume of distilled water intraperitoneally. The rats were sacrificed after the last day of injection (group 1) and on 14 (group 2), 28 (group 3) and 42 day (group 4) after cessation of the treatment with MSG. The spleen was carefully dissected out and quickly fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde for routine histological study after H&E method. The histological findings after H&E methods for group 1 indicated that the treated sections of the spleen showed atrophy of the while pulp, germinate centers were missing and red pulp of the spleen showed aplasia. The treatment (Group 2) showed vacuolation of some splenic cells with decreased cellularity, and sinusoidal spaces were large. Animals of group 3 showed slight atrophy in the white pulp and aplasia of red pulp where it began to retain normal structure. In the animals sacrificed at the end of the experimental period, the spleen retained its normal structure. These findings indicate that MSG consumption may have some deleterious effects on the spleen of adult Wistar rats which is reversible and does not lead to permanent damage but the normal structure of the spleen would need a long time to be regained. It is recommended that further studies aimed at corroborating these findings be carried out.}, keywords = {Monosodium glutamate,rat,spleen}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13513.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13513_cb51073dfb6e36e2bc5236ae66f89cfb.pdf} } @article { author = {Al-Bassel, Dayhoum and Hussein, Abdel-Nasser}, title = {A survey on parasites infecting mullets from Egypt and Libya}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {9-19}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13534}, abstract = {Two different localities were selected for the present investigation. Generally, out of 200 Mugil cephalus individuals examined, 63 (31.5%) were found to be infected. Out of 119 M. cephalus, 44 (36.9%) collected from Lake Qarun at Fayoum in Egypt were found infected. On the other hand, out of 81 M. cephalus, 19 (23.45%) collected from Missurata fish market in Libya were found infected. The collected parasites from Egyptian specimens were Trematoda, Acanthocephala, Trichodina and Myxosporea. The incidences of infection were 88.6%, 27.2%, 95.5% and 27.3%, respectively. Parasites of the Egyptian mullets includes: 4 species of trematoda (Haplosplanchnus caudatus, H. pachysomus, Lecithobotrys putrescens and Dicrogaster contractus);one species of Acanthocephala (Neoechinorhynchus sp.); three species of Trichodina (Trichodina lepsii, T. puytoraci and T. batala) and one species of Myxosporedia (Myxobolus sp.). It is worth mentioned that protozoan infections were restricted in Egyptian mullets. On the other hand, out of 81 M. cephalus, 19 (23.45%) collected from Missurata were found infected by two genera of trematodes (Vitellibaculum girelia and Lecithocladium exisum).}, keywords = {Review,Parasites,Mullets,Iincidence of infection,Egypt,Libya}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13534.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13534_e75a096c442af35303c237763b703980.pdf} } @article { author = {Hassan, Ehssan and Soliman, Maha and Ghobashy, Abdel Fattah}, title = {Some factors affecting metacercarial infections in Tilapia zilli from Lake Timsah, Ismailia, Egypt}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {21-28}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13535}, abstract = {The objective of this work is to study some environmental and biologicalfactors affecting metacercarial infections in Tilapia zilli from two sites at LakeTimsah, Ismailia, Egypt. Fish were collected monthly from two sites during a periodfrom March 2009 to February 2010. Fish length and sex were determined. Fivedifferent trematode metacercariae were recovered from T. zilli fish, namely,Euclinostomum sp., Pygidiopsis sp, Phagicola sp., and Stictodora sp. and some wereundifferentiated. Infection was higher in site 2 (42.4%) than site 1 (32.59%). Thehighest infection was recorded in winter (79.76%), and the lowest in spring (9.52%).It was the highest (40.51%) in medium-sized fish. Males were more infected (38.93%)as compared to females (30.04%). Prevalence, intensity and abundance of eachmetacercaria species showed different responses to the considered factors as discussedin this work}, keywords = {metacercariae,Tilapia zilli,sites,seasonal patterns,host size and sex}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13535.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13535_dc829303dd8e8e3d04542901f040b6b3.pdf} } @article { author = {Hassan, Ehssan and Soliman, Maha and Ghobashy, Abdel Fattah}, title = {Some factors affecting metacercarial infections in Oreochromis niloticus collected from brackish water, Ismailia, Egypt}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {29-37}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13536}, abstract = {The objective of this work is to study the environmental and biological factorsaffecting metacercarial infections in O. niloticus from brackish water, Ismailia, Egypt.Fish were collected monthly during the period from March 2009 to February 2010from two sites in El Sayadeen pool at Ismailia. Nine different trematode metacercariaeand undifferentiated cyst were recovered from O. niloticus fish. The identifiedmetacercariae were Euclinostomum sp., Pygidiopsis sp., Prohemistomum sp.,Phagicola sp., Bolbophorus sp., Stictodora sp., and Haplorichis sp. The totalprevalence was higher in site 2 (75.44%) than site 1 (71.41%). The highest infectionwas recorded in winter (75%), and the lowest in spring (24.67%). Infection was thehighest (76.86%) in the largest fishes in weight and size. Infection was higher infemale fish (77.57%) compared to males (70.73%). Prevalence, intensity andabundance of each metacercaria species showed different responses to the consideredfactors.}, keywords = {metacercariae,O. niloticus,sites,seasonal patterns,host size and sex}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13536.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13536_075fa996e580b650d7bc3a49404cb2c8.pdf} } @article { author = {Moneva, Carlo and Torres, Mark and Demayo, Cesar}, title = {Sexual Dimorphism in the Shell Shape of the Golden Apple Snail, Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck) Using Geometric Morphometric Analysis}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {39-46}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13537}, abstract = {It has been accounted that the extent of sexual dimorphism in Pomaceacanaliculata, a serious rice pest in Asia, has caused considerable taxonomicconfusion. This study was conducted to explore possible sexual shell dimorphism inP. canaliculata by the aid of geometric morphometric measurements, since traditionalmeasurements have problems in terms of accuracy. Relative Warp Analysis andDiscriminant Function Analysis have been used in the study to determine patterns ofsexual shell dimorphism in the golden apple snail. Results demonstrated sexualdifferences in size, spire height, and shell opening. These morphological differencescould be attributed to ecological responses of the gastropod. The results clearlyindicate that geometric morphometric methods are useful in detecting subtledifferences between sexes.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13537.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13537_8fe1048e0811e56c1f7e093a07b124b7.pdf} } @article { author = {Matondo, Dulce-Amor and Torres, Mark and Gorospe, Jessie and Demayo, Cesar}, title = {Describing Scale Shapes of the Male and Female Glossogobius aureus Akihito and Meguro, 1975 from Tumaga River, Zamboanga City, Philippines}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {47-58}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13538}, abstract = {The ultrastructures present in the scales of Glossogobius aureus were subjected to morphological analysis using a  Leica ES2 stereomicroscope in tandem with an Olympus digital camera with a 12.1 megapixel resolution and a 5x optical zoom. The female scales were typically of a ctenoid type whereas the male scales showed the presence of cycloid and ctenoid types. The study described 21 scale morphotypes in the male species while 24 morphotypes were described in the female species. These morphotypes were categorized into main, regenerated and specialized scale types. Differences in scale morphology between sexes are best described by the variation in the characteristics of its fully developed scales.}, keywords = {Ctenoid,cycloid,morphotypes,regenerated scales}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13538.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13538_b1d822881de1b42f118bd051e0fee382.pdf} } @article { author = {Amiri, Heman and Arabhosseini, Akbar and Kianmehr, Mohamad}, title = {Determination of some rheological properties of cow manure using a shear vane}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {59-68}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13539}, abstract = {Knowledge about rheological properties of biomass is necessary for optimization of pelleting process as well as the design of devices with optimum energy and pressure to determine the effect of different variables on the density and durability of produced pellets. Therefore, in this study a shear vane was used to determine the rheological properties of biomass materials and some rheological properties of cow manure. The experiments were done at moisture content levels of 35, 40 and 45% (w.b.), and rotational speed of the shear vane test chamber in three levels of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 rpm. The analysis of variance of moisture content and rotational speed of the chamber on the measured traits using SAS software showed that the rotational speed has no significant effect on none of the traits at 1% level. The independent effect of moisture content was significant on all the traits. The interaction between moisture content and rotational speed of the chamber was not significant on any of the traits. The highest maximum torque, maximum shear stress and maximum yield stress were achieved at 35% moisture content and rotational speed of 0.1 rpm. The lowest maximum torque, minimum shear stress and minimum yield stress was found at 40% moisture content and rotational speed of 0.1 rpm.}, keywords = {: Cow manure,shear stress,Shear vane,Yield stress}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13539.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13539_f449f69b6491f79c6d84dfbfc946020c.pdf} } @article { author = {Allayie, *Sartaj and Ravichandran, S. and Hemalatha, S. and Bhat, Bilal and Anbuchezhian, RM.}, title = {Natural diet of the moon crab, Ashtoret miersii (Henderson, 1887) collected from the southeast cost of India.}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {69-73}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13540}, abstract = {During monsoon season, a total of 550 Ashtoret miersii were obtained from Parangipettai coastal environment, south-east cost of India to study its natural diet. The occurrence of this crab is the first record in Indian coast which expands in its known range. The analysis of gut contents indicated that these crabs are primarily carnivorous. Their diet consisted of 52% to 84% of animal tissue. The juveniles and sub adults of this crab were found to feed actively than adults. The diet of juveniles was mainly composed of mollusks (11%) and arthropods (32%) by volume. The stomach contents of sub adult crabs were dominated by arthropods (38%) whereas in adults, mollusks were the major food (32%). Dietary diversity values were consistently high in all cases and variation was slight. However, variation was somewhat higher between juveniles and adults classes.}, keywords = {First record,gut contents,carnivorous,juveniles,sub adults and adults}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13540.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13540_601e3aa10e6b91fb88588418fee86ede.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohi-Eldin, Mouchira and Mostafa, Amna and Abd- El kader, Aml}, title = {The protective effects of ginseng plant extract (ginsana) and garlic powder against the bad effects of lambda-cyhalothrin insecticide on kidneys of female rats}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {75-85}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13874}, abstract = {Ginseng and garlic are well known plants which have anti oxidant effects. The present study investigates the protective effects of ginseng extract and garlic powder on the bad effects of lambda-cyhalothrin insecticides (LTC). Eighty female Wister rats divided into 4 groups as follow; group (1) control group, group (2) injected with(9.3 mg/kg b.wt) LTC alone, group (3) injected with(200 mg/kg b.wt) ginseng extract (G115) followed by  (9.3 mg/kg b.wt) LTC, group (4)  injected with (100 mg/kg b.wt) garlic  extract (GA) followed by (9.3 mg/kg b.wt) LTC All groups were injected intraperitonialy for  15 days (as a short term) and 21 days (as along term). Histological examination of the kidney sections showed severe congestion, besides cloudy swelling in the proximal and distal convoluted tubules, vacuolar degeneration with necrosis. In addition to edema in the bowman’s space, hypercellularity and destruction with renal casts detected in some of renal tubules in animal injected with LTC only for 15 days. While rats injected with LTC for 21 days revealed thickening and edematous in the wall of the blood vessels with proliferation in the endothelial cells, besides thrombosis and hemorrhage. Chronic interstitial nephritis in most rats and perivasculitis were detected. Kidneys of rats pretreated with ginseng followed by LTC for 15 days showed protective effect in the form of disappear of the edema of bowman’s space and cloudy swelling except some necrosis and slight congestion. Whereas 21 days showed high protective effects by reducing of cloudy swelling and necrosis. Garlic also diminished the pathological alterations in the kidneys but lower than ginseng. Histochemical observation revealed, increases in the protein inclusion in rats injected with (9.3 mg/kg b.wt) lambda-cyhalothrin alone in comparison with control, while ginseng and garlic groups almost have normal protein inclusion distributions to some extant.}, keywords = {Lambda-cyhalothrin (LTC),Ginseng (G115),Garlic (GA),Histology- Histochemistry}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13874.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13874_fee1eb16e05cbf51d4452da71ae73d5d.pdf} } @article { author = {Desouky, Mahmoud and El-Hennawy, Hisham}, title = {Molecular Phylogenetic Relationships of Exemplars of Four Spider Families from Ha’il Region, Northern Saudi Arabia and a Preliminary List of Spiders of Ha’il}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {87-102}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13875}, abstract = {Knowledge about spider fauna in Saudi Arabia is hugely inadequate compared to adjacent countries. The present work is a preliminary study of Hai’l’s spiders. Fourteen genera, in addition to five unidentified spider species, belonging to 16 families were recorded in Ha’il Region. This is the first study of spider’s fauna in Northern Saudi Arabia and may provide a basis for future studies. In addition molecular markers including Histone (H3) and 12S rDNA sequences were used to examine the phylogenetic relationships of exemplars of the most common four spider families. The constructed tree based on both maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood of the two studied sequences revealed that the studied representatives of family Agelenidae and family Sparassidae were grouped in one supported clade. However, the relationship of this clade with the other two studied families shows controversy in both H3 and 12S trees. Results for each of the studied genes, support their reliability for phylogenetic analysis of spiders. Ha’il, Spiders list, Molecular Phylogenetics, 12S rDNA, H3.}, keywords = {Molecular Phylogenetic- Spider Families,Ha’il Region,Saudi Arabia}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13875.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13875_4ff816ec701bd21868f1cadcfcb9dee8.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El-Wahed, Nazeh and El-Halawany, Ashraf}, title = {Effect of Temperature Degrees on the Biology and Life Table Parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch on Two Pear varieties}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {103-109}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13876}, abstract = {Developmental times and reproduction rates of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch were studied when fed on leaves of two pear varieties (i.e. Lacont and Hood varieties) under laboratory conditions of 15, 20, 25 & 30 ± 2°C, 70% ± 5% RH. The longest developmental stages reached 30.6 and 30.1 days for female and male at 15°C when the T. urticae was fed on Lacont pear variety, while when reared on Hood pear variety it was 34 and 32.1 days at the same temperature. The highest total mean fecundity rate was recorded at 30oC (156.8 and 143.6 eggs /female). Sex ratio was affected by temperature as proportion of female increased. In addition, the values of rm and λ increased with temperature increase, while mean generation time (T) and generation doubling time (DT) values decreased with temperature increase, thus the reproduction of mites increased. This mite favored high temperature. The Lacont pear variety was more favored to this mite.}, keywords = {Tetranychus urticae,Development,life table,Temperature degrees,Pear varieties}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13876.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13876_9d809f01968f351409f1b8265cb557f6.pdf} } @article { author = {A., Dada,}, title = {Effects of herbal growth promoter feed additive in fish meal on the performance of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus (L.))}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {111-117}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13877}, abstract = {The effect of dietary herbal powder (superliv®) on growth and body compositionwas investigated in Oreochromis niloticus.Fingerlings of about 5.24 ± 0.60 g were fed diets supplemented with fourconcentrations (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 g kg−1) of herbal powder foreight weeks. Survival, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, proximatecomposition and haematological parameters were higher in fish given herbaldiets than fish given the control diet without herbs. The highest specific growth rate (1.33 ± 0.03 % day–1) andbest food conversion ratio (0.85 ± 0.03) were obtained in the 10 g kg−1 herbmeal diet treatment. Protein efficiency ratio and feed efficiency were higherin fish fed with herbs and lowest in the control. No differences occurred infish carcass protein or ash content among the treatments (p > 0.05). Theseresults reveal that medicinal herbs in diets enhance growth, feed utilisation and survival of O. niloticus fingerlings.}, keywords = {blood parameters,feed utilisation,growth promoter,rearing period}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13877.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13877_c1da368ce128284c6f8f2c5975610877.pdf} } @article { author = {Saher, Noor and Qureshi, Naureen}, title = {Spatial Distribution of Uca sindensis (Crustacea, Ocypodidae) along the coast of Pakistan}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {119-129}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.13878}, abstract = {Spatial distribution of Uca sindensis was studied along the coast of Pakistan. The density, size distribution, population structure, sex ratio and handedness were investigated. U. sindensis crabs were collected through quadrate (0.5 m2 quadrates were placed during low tide periods) and transect (low tide mark to high tide mark) method from nine different sites along the coast. Results indicated that the substratum properties (organic content, size,and heterogeneity) were of primarily importance for the distribution of U. sindensis. The spatial variation was observed in the density distribution and was ranged from 4 to 48 m-2. The overall sex ratio was differed significantly from the expected 1:1 (χ2 =22.4; P = 0.004). The sizes of the male and female crabs were significantly different at all studied sites. The carapace (CW) of males ranged from 8.3 to 17.3 mm and of females from 6.2 to 14.4 mm indicating sexual dimorphism. The occurrence of dextral and sinistral males was overall in the 1:1 ratio.}, keywords = {U. sindensis,Pakistan,spatial distribution,percent organic,Handedness}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13878.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13878_571a4e4d22efe9eb4ff1394fb0a80a5f.pdf} } @article { author = {Ebaid, Hala and Mahmoud, Sherifa and Elsayd, Farida}, title = {Effects of Schistosoma mansoni infection and Mirazid treatment on pregnant mice and their fetuses}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {131-141}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.14294}, abstract = {A total of 48 female albino mice, with average weight 23 g, have been used in this study, divided into 4 groups (12 mice for each group). Groups I & II served as uninfected groups. Group II was subjected to pregnancy and received an oral dose of Mirazid (300 mg/Kg) (Pharco Pharmaceuticals, Alexandria, Egypt) for three consecutive days. Groups III and IV were infected subcutaneously with 60 ±10 Schistosoma mansoni cercariae (Egyptian strain) and were subjected to pregnancy. Group IV received an oral dose of Mirazid (300 mg/Kg). The results showed that the distribution of implantation sites of fetuses in the uterine horns was found unequal in infected groups which completed the pregnancy. The mean number of fetuses was smaller in infected, treated or both groups when compared with control groups. Also, there were many abortion cases, especially when infection progressed. In the present study, infection was found to induce some growth retardation among fetuses as compared with the control ones. Growth retardation was indicated by highly significant decrease in their body weight and length, abnormal skin and limbs, kinky tail, kyphotic body and hematoma formation. Treatment with Mirazid did not improve these malformation as well as control ones. In conclusion, more studies are needed regarding the relationship between the pregnancy and schistosomiasis as the present work reflects the deleterious effect of schistosomiasis on the pregnant mice and on the fetal outcomes. In addition, the results reflected, for the first time, the unsafely using of Mirazid during pregnancy where announcement should be clear to avoid Mirazid in treatment of schistosome-infected pregnant women.}, keywords = {Schistosomiasis,Pregnancy,Mirazid,Mice}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14294.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14294_efd296775be8793e4992a278b0bc662a.pdf} } @article { author = {Masood, Mostafa and Asiry, Ahmed}, title = {Ecological studies on diversity of Herpetofauna in Asir region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {143-163}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.14295}, abstract = {Conservation of the biological diversity and sustainable use of the resources of earth are enshrined in Islamic low and principles. It is therefore fitting that in 2001 the kingdom of Saudi Arabia became a signatory to the Convention of Conservation on Biological Diversity that seeks to ensure the conservation of species and their habitats for all time. The study was carried out in Asir region, located in the southwest of the country. Topography and biotic elements of the environment were described. The study area is one of the richest regions of the Kingdom in the diversity of animals, where the region is characterized by the presence of a large group of wild animals belonging to different animal families. In this work, diversity of herpetofauna which found in the region was studied. Seven species of tailless amphibians (Anura) were recorded, belonging to three families, firstly Bufonidae which include four species, Bufo tihamicus, B. dhufarensis, B. arabicus and B. viridis, secondly Hylidae represented by only one species, a tree frog Hyla savignyi, and finally Ranidae represented by two species, Rana ridibunda and Euphlyctis ehrenbergii. The results showed that there are 38 species of reptiles; 23 species of lizards belonging to the families Gekkonidae, Lacertidae, Scincidae, Agamidae, Varanidae, and Chamaeleontidae and 14 species of snakes belonging to 5 families: Typholopidae,  Leptotypholopidae, Colubridae,  Elapidae, and Viperidae. Only one species ofTurtles, belongs to family Testudinidae, was recorded. This work was suggested to throw light on the diversity of herpetofauna in Asir region as an important part of the ecosystem that has to be maintained, and to determine species composition of amphibian and reptile communities in different ecosystems as indicators of biodiversity in the study area. It came also to suggest strategies and techniques to determine the abundance of these species.}, keywords = {diversity,Survey,Ecology,conservation,Herpetofauna,Reptiles,Amphibians,Asir,Saudi Arabia}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14295.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14295_3ea86100a1b51c6db912b5cf39620570.pdf} } @article { author = {Ibrahim, Mohamed}, title = {Prevalence of Eimeria species of the domestic goats Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758 in Al-Baha area, Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {165-172}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.14297}, abstract = {This work aimed to identifyEimeria speciesof goats and to investigatethe factors that might potentially influence their prevalence and parasite load. This study was conducted in Al-Baha area, south-west Saudi Arabia from September 2011 to June 2012. Out of 336 faecal samples examined, 180 (53.57%) were positive for Eimeria oocysts. The prevalence of Eimeria ranged from 39.64% to 61.40% in different localities. Nine different Eimeria species were identified from faecal samples of goats. Eimeria species were: Eimeria arloingi (35.71%), E. alijevi (26.19%), E. hirci (25.29%), E. ninakohlyakimovae (16.36%), E. christenseni (14.59%), E. caprina (11.31%), E. jolchijevi (9.52%), E. caprovina (5.59%) and E. apsheronica(3.27%).  E. arloingi (35.71%), E. alijevi (26.19%) and E. hirci (25.29%) were the most prevalent species and E. apsheronica (3.27%) was the least prevalent one. The main factors affecting prevalence and parasite load of Eimeria species were host age, locality and season. Significant negative correlations were found between host age and both prevalence and OPG number. Multiple-species infections were detected in 89.44% of positive goats which carried two to five species. In conclusion, the prevalence of coccidiosis is relatively low compared to other studies. Moreover, no signs of clinical coccidiosis were found in this study. We need further research to study the interaction between multiple-species infections in coccidiosis and parasite load in natural host-parasite systems.}, keywords = {Eimeria,Oocysts,goats,host age,season,Saudi Arabia}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14297.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14297_992b3e3a68b127cf7445a69ccad973cc.pdf} } @article { author = {Bin Dajem, Saad}, title = {Molecular typing of the fresh water snail Lymnaea arabica, the possible intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica, collected from Saudi Arabia, by RAPD-PCR}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {173-181}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.14298}, abstract = {Fasciolosis is caused by Fasciola hepatica with Lymnaea spp. as intermediate hosts.  Lymnaea arabica, as a possible snail host collected from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, was investigated by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) technique. Polymorphic bands from L. arabica were sought for fingerprinting (typing) and identification of this species. The resultant electrophoretic patterns  would be used as molecular bio-markers for thesemolluscas. This will help in the identification of the snails at a molecular level for the first time in the country that, in turn, will help in disease control. This technique was proved to be an accurate, appropriate, efficient and valuable alternative to traditional identification tools of Lymnea spp.}, keywords = {Lymnaea Arabica,Saudi Arabia,RAPD-PCR, Fasciola hepatica,. Polymorphism}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14298.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14298_bb845b96473d586457864751f72eec7c.pdf} } @article { author = {Masood, Mostafa}, title = {Ecological distribution of snakes' fauna of Jazan region of Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {183-197}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.14299}, abstract = {This study was carried out in Jazan region in the Southwestern part of Saudi Arabia, bounded in the south and east by the Republic of Yemen, Asir area in thenorth and the Red Sea in the west.             The study area is one of the richest regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with animal biodiversity, where the region is characterized by the presence of a large group of wild animals that belong to different animal families. This work is devoted to the study of the biodiversity and geographical and ecological distribution of snakes found in the region.             The results showed that there are 36 species of eight families of  snakes  living in Jazan region; family Typholopidae represented by two species, while families   Leptotypholopidae, Boidae and Atractaspididae represented by one  species only respectively; whereas family Colubridae was the most represented one having 12 species, and family Elapidae was represented by three species. Family Viperidae was represented by six species and family Hydrophiidae represented by ten species. Nevertheless, this work concentrated on terrestrial snakes.            This work was suggested to throw light on the biodiversity of snakes' fauna in Jazan region as an important part of the ecosystem that has to be maintained. Since there are no enough studies on the animal species in the region.           The study included also the discussion of snakes that were ecologically surveyed in the study area according to: zoogeography and temporal distribution, mode of feeding, type of food and behavior.           Despite the fact that these snakes may be harmful to human life in some cases, it may also be useful to him in many aspects of life, the study showed the relationship between these snakes and human. It also threw light on the economical, medical, and scientific importance of these snakes as well as their importance for the process of environmental balance. The study presented some methods of the conservation of these species as one of the natural resources that must be maintained for not being a victim of extinction.}, keywords = {snakes,Reptiles,Ecology,biodiversity,conservation,zoogeographical distribution,Behavior,status}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14299.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14299_7e80048fb0671dc7fb7ed7b998527397.pdf} } @article { author = {Eltayeb, Huyam and Idris, Eihab and Adam, Amal and Ezaldeen, Tasabeeh and Hamed, Dawi}, title = {A forest in a city Biodiversity at Sunut forest, Khartoum, Sudan}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {199-209}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.14301}, abstract = {Al-Sunut is a natural forest located in the centre of Khartoum state, the capital of Sudan. Due to its unique location, Sunut forest is severely stressed by human activities, especially construction. In this paper, we provide a survey for the biodiversity at Sunut Forest. Three animal groups were investigated for density and species diversity: Birds, Acacia nilotica associated arthropods and ground arthropods. The aim of the study was to provide the field data required for the design of adequate management and conservation plans and to draw the popular attention to the special value of Sunut forest. The study concluded that Sunut forest hosts considerable biological diversity, particularly of birds, as 87 species were recorded. Arthropod specimens that belong to 10 different orders were collected from A. nilotica trees. Likewise, specimens of ground arthropods collected from the forest represent 11 different orders.}, keywords = {Habitat conservation,Birds,tree-associated arthropods,ground arthropods,Acacia nilotica,Khartoum}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14301.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14301_2cf6f2e9f89e845c9f3e80ce24483ae4.pdf} } @article { author = {D., Kassam and M., Ssebisubi and S., Likongwe}, title = {Effect of temperature and feed rate on the body shape of Oreochromis shiranus, a widely-cultured tilapia species in Malawi}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {211-217}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.14302}, abstract = {Considering the vitalness of traits such as body shape and size in influencing the marketability of fish, geometric morphometrics was utilized to explore if raising fish at different temperatures and feedrates would affect such important traits. MANOVA revealed significant differences in body shape among fish raised at different temperatures but not those fed at different levels of their body weight. In general, the fish that were raised at 20°C, regardless of the feedrate, had shorter but deeper bodies, larger eyes and longer heads as opposed to the longer and slender bodies, smaller eyes and shorter heads found in those reared at 25°C and 30°C. On size, ANOVA revealed significant differences along temperature and feedrate gradients in a way that fish reared at 20°C were the smallest, followed by those at 25°C and then the largest were those at 30°C. On feedrate, it was only at 30°C where fish fed at 6% body weight were significantly larger in size than those fed at 3% body weight. These findings are discussed in terms of best management practices, especially on how to combine such two abiotic factors in order to maximize growth within the shortest period possible, considering the economical implications.}, keywords = {Fry,Mahalanobis Distance,Centroid Size,Canonical Variate Analysis,Poikilotherms}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14302.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14302_47cdbf4461fc614d9a5683d8b87241d2.pdf} } @article { author = {Gondal, Muhammad and Saher, Noor and Qureshi, Naureen}, title = {Diversity and biomass distribution of intertidal fauna in sonmiani bay (Miani Hor), balochistan (pakistan)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {219-234}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.14304}, abstract = {A year long study of seasonal variations in community structure and biomass of sandy intertidal zone was carried out in SonmianiBay (Miani Hor), Balochistan.  The samples were collected, by using a small beach seine and experimentally designed small beam trawl to collect the pelagic, demersal and benthic intertidal organisms. The sampling was carried out from January 2002 to December 2002 during the low tides duration. A total of 84 species were recorded mainly comprised of three major faunal groups e.g. fishes, crustaceans and mollusca.  The mollusca were the most diverse and abundant group of animals that formed 39.37% of total faunal assemblage, where as crustaceans and fishes contributed 32.2% and 27.6% ,respectively.  Of these, Mugilidae and Sillaginidae were dominating families from fishes.  Portunidae, Penaeidae, Diogenidae, Nassariidae and Dentaliidae families also showed their presence obviously as the prominent community groups. The beam trawl collected more number (58.71%) of benthic individuals from the benthic area than beach seine that sampled the pelagic and free swimming fauna (41.28%).  A significant seasonal variation (P=0.047) in the biomass distribution indicated the utilization of shallow intertidal zone adjacent to mangroves, as nursery and refuge of many juveniles of resident and visiting fauna}, keywords = {diversity,seasonal abundance,biomass distribution,Sonmiani Bay,Intertidal fauna}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14304.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14304_fbae1c6f3d57cba4a1bbff46688fa8c6.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohammed, N. and Rabie, S. and Hussein, A. and Hussein, N.}, title = {Infestation of Oreochromis niloticus and Tilapia zilli fresh-water fishes with myxosporean parasites, Qena Province, Egypt}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {235-246}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.14305}, abstract = {Freshwater fishes were sampled from the River Nile at different localities in Qena Governorate (Qus, Qift, Dandara, El-Trammsa, El-Maana, Dishna and Nag-Hammady). The investigated fishes are Oreochromis niloticus (180) and Tilapia zilli (66). Out of 246 fishes examined, 61 (24.8%) were found to be infected with myxosporean parasites. The infection rate was 25% of O. niloticus and 24.2% of T. zilli. Eight species of Myxobolus spp. were described from gills and one species was found in blood. The collected parasites are M. agolus, M. heterosporus (type 2), M. clarri, M. heterosporus (type 3) and a myxosporean species had been found infecting gill filaments of O. niloticus. Meanwhile, blood of one O. niloticus fish was found harboring Myxobolus sp.I. M. tilapiae, M. niloticus, M. zilli and M. fahmii were found parasitizing gill filaments of T. zilli. M. heterosporus (type 2) had been studied using scanning electron microscope. Comparisons with closely related species are provided.}, keywords = {Fresh-water Fishes,gills,Myxobolus,infection rate,Qena,Egypt}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14305.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14305_f3ee2bd9dabfee80b90cb7fa3193a073.pdf} } @article { author = {Rezaei, Abolhasan}, title = {Preliminary studies on evolutionary of genetic markers in the salmonid species}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {247-253}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0759}, eissn = {2090-0821}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsz.2012.14306}, abstract = {This study deals with evolutionary genetics of salmonids populations, with the special emphasis on the roles of migration, random genetic drift, mutation, and natural selection affecting the patterns of molecular variation across contemporary and historical time scales. Studies of nuclear DNA and mitochondrial genomic variation supported the hypothesis that salmonid populations differ from the geographical regions, indicating for genetic diversity between populations. This study were used some genes for nuclear DNA genomic and mitochondrial DNA genomic for evaluation of the rate diversity. We suggest that the region of geographically is important to rate of diversity between and within populations. Were used marker genetic techniques such as the microsatellites markers, SNPs, RFLP, and some genes from mitochondrial genomic that engaged on the rate of diversity in populations of salmonids. Between and within population of S. salar and S. trutta were found single mutation by SNPs technique. RFLP analysis by nuclear DNA genomic such as microsatellites and growth hormone gene and also mitochondrial DNA genomic as cytochrome b and 12S rRNA gene and markers also showed the low variation between and within salmonids populations.}, keywords = {Salmonids populations,Evolutionary genomic,Mitochondrial genomic}, url = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14306.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_14306_bb5c633e1e73fbf1a1730625b882b8da.pdf} }