The ability of vitamin E, selenium and water to improve and recover the hematological, biochemical and hormonal parameters of mercury-exposed catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
Ahmed
Ibrahim
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, New valley branch, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
author
Ahmed
Harabawy
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, New valley branch, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
author
text
article
2015
eng
This study aimed to determine the toxic impacts of a sublethal dose of mercury chloride (0.10 mg/L for 30 days as exposure period) on hematological, biochemical parameters and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, and to evaluate the ability of vitamin E, selenium and water to improve and recover the previous parameters in mercury-treated fish (for 15 and 30 days as recovery periods). The exposure to mercury caused a significant (p<0.05) decrease in RBCs, Hb, Ht, MCH, MCHC, MCV, WBCs, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, potassium, albumin, Alb/glob ratio, triglycerides, glucose and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) when compared with the control group. Also, exposure to mercury caused a significant increase (p<0.05) in levels of Na, urea, creatinine, ALP, AST, ALT, total proteins and globulins levels than those of the control fish. The ability of vitamin E and selenium to improve and recover the hematological and biochemical parameters and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) studied were better than water alone. Also, the improvement was mostly better after 30 days than 15 days of recovering period. The recovery with water alone led to complete recovery only in MCHC. While, all the remaining of hematological parameters studied in addition to cholesterol and glucose levels are improved significantly (increased/decreased) to be relatively better than those of the mercury-treated fish. The levels of urea, creatinine, ALP, AST, ALT, TP, albumin, globulins and Alb/glob ratio, T3 and T4 are not improved well by the water. But, Na levels is not affected by the water. The levels of K and triglycerides are increased to high levels than that of the control fish. The recovery with vitamin E led to complete recovery in Hb, MCV, MCH, MCHC and Na to reach the control level (p<0.05); and significantly (p<0.05) improved RBCs, Hct, WBCs, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes, urea, creatinine, ALP, AST, globulin, Alb/glob ratio, cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose to be better than those of the mercury-treated fish. K and albumin levels are fluctuated. While ALT, TP decreased significantly. But, T3 and T4 are not improved well by Vitamin E. The recovery with selenium led to complete recovery in MCH, neutrophils, lymphocytes, total proteins and globulins levels (p<0.05); and significantly helped improvement (increased/decreased) of RBCs, Hb, Hct, WBCs, monocytes, urea, creatinine, ALP, AST, ALT, Alb/glob ratio, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, T3 and T4 to be better than those of the mercury-treated fish. But, Na, and albumin are not improved well by selenium. Potassium levels showed fluctuations. ALT and TP decreased significantly to be less than that of the control values. Also, it was noted that, the improvement of T3 and T4 due to Selenium (Se) are better than vitamin E than the mercury-free water respectively.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0759
7
v.
2
no.
2015
1
19
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13468_545c562824044353cbd49b7ed0fa2035.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2015.13468
Temporary Aquatic Breeding Habitats: Its Importance in the Propagation of Anura (Amphibia) Species in Ajah, Lagos State, Nigeria
A.
Onadeko
Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria.
author
text
article
2015
eng
This study reveals the importance of temporary aquatic habitats as crucial breeding sites for local anuran species that are gradually declining due to the continuous sand-filling of wetlands in Ajah, Nigeria. Out of the 22 pools at the study site, all of these were used for reproduction (amplexus and oviposition), 19 (86%) of these pools had metamorphoses while 3 (14%) had none observed. A total of six anuran species were observed at the site namely; Hoplobatrachus occipitalis, Ptychadena pumilio, P. bibroni, Phrynobatrachus latifrons, Xenopus muelleri and Amietophrynus regularis. The larvae of H. occipitalis, P. pumilio, Phrynobatrachus latifrons and A. regularis metamorphosed every year with A. regularis metamorphosing in the largest number of pools compared to other species. There were no significant (F0.05, 2, 15 = 0.012) difference observed between the years (2008, 2009 and 2010) of surveys (P > 0.05). But however, there was a significant (F0.01, 5, 12 = 59.754) difference between the number of species observed breeding (P < 0.01). The types of pools had a significant effect (F0.05, 2, 15 = 3.921) on the number of anuran species breeding in them at P < 0.05. While all species bred in the small and medium sized pools, X. muelleri did not use the small sized pools and only H. occipitalis and A. regularis made use of the large sized pools. The abiotic factors and the biotic factors did not have significant (P > 0.05) effect on the number of species and all had a positive (r > 0) association. These habitats are of crucial importance for anuran propagation. To prevent the extinction of local species, urgent planning is needed to conserve these systems of temporary pools.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0759
7
v.
2
no.
2015
21
31
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13469_d7c737808e2b8d02af38d49a9b7dacb5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2015.13469
Growth, Mortality, and Longevity of Tilapia guineensis (Bleeker, 1852) in Tropical Man-Made Lake, Southwestern Nigeria
Ayoade
Adedolapo
Hydrobiology and Fisheries Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
author
text
article
2015
eng
Background: Fisheries resources are being depleted due to over-exploitation and inadequate information for planning and management; therefore, data on growth pattern, mortality, and exploitation rates of fisheries resources are essential for effective management and sustainable exploitation.
Method: Growth parameters, mortality rates, and longevity of the Guinean tilapia, Tilapia guineensis, (Bleeker, 1852) in Asejire Lake were obtained from length composition data from January, 2013 to December, 2013.
Results: The von Bertalanfy growth function estimates were: L∞ = 30.98 cm Total length, K = 0.37 year-1 and t0 = -0.441. Total mortality rate (Z)was 1.19 year-1, natural mortality rate (M) was calculated as 0.92 year-1 , fishing mortality rate (F) obtained was 0.27 year-1, and the exploitation rate (E) was 0.23. Growth performance index (ø) computed as 2.55.
Conclusion: This result indicates low growth rate. The stock was not overexploited since exploitation rate was less than the optimal exploitation rate(0.5).
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0759
7
v.
2
no.
2015
33
38
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13470_9e4565fc4088095a960b5ccd956c5e51.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2015.13470
Diversity and Abundance of Zooplankton in Nigeen Lake of Kashmir Himalaya
Asma
Jan
P.G. Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006, J&K, India
author
Ashok
Pandit
P.G. Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006, J&K, India
author
Javaid
Shah
- Centre of Research for Development University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006, J&K, India
author
text
article
2015
eng
The present study was carried out on zooplankton community of the Nigeen lake from June 2014- November 2014. During the study period, a total of 25 taxa of zooplankton were recorded of which Cladocera constituted the most dominating group represented by 12 taxa, Rotifera contributed 10 taxa and Copepoda was the least represented group registering only 3 taxa. Numerically, Cladocera was the dominant group throughout the study period both in terms of density and diversity. Though 25 zooplankton taxa were identified in the Nigeen lake yet, only few like Alona sp., Alonella sp., Chydorus sp., Bosmina sp., Graptoleberis sp., Brachionus sp., Cephalodella sp. and Cyclops sp. were commonly encountered at all the study sites.The occurrence of these species indicates the general eutrophic nature of the lake.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0759
7
v.
2
no.
2015
39
50
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13471_bee5c1a445306a743f6ade54f9105ecb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2015.13471
Effect of Copper Pollution on the Biochemical Composition, Growth and Gill Structre of Oreochromis niloticus
Abdel-Salam
Ohaida
Zoology Department. Faculty of Science. University of Misurata Libya.
author
text
article
2015
eng
Alterations in the biochemical composition, growth and histological structure of the gills of fish Oreochromis niloticusfollowing prolonged exposure (112 days) to a sub lethal concentration of copper (0.043 ppm), were investigated.
The tissue levels of total proteins, total lipids and total carbohydrates were decreased while muscle glycogen level was increased after was decreased significantly during copper exposure indicating that the organic matter (biochemical content) might be involved in the energy expenditure. The exposed to copper. Muscle glycogen change may give a good tissue total values of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates seem to be of limited value as potential stress in indicators in fish estimate of a stress condition.
Copper had resulted in an extracted appearance in gill lamellae; adjacent lamellae fused together and the epithelial lining of lamellae became disintegrated.
Growth, behavioral and histological responses were integrative to the biochemical changes. To sum up, the consistent changes in the biochemical composition, growth rate, behavior and histological structure noted in O. niloticus after 112 days exposure to the sublethal concentration of copper indicate that these fish have not acclimated to copper.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0759
7
v.
2
no.
2015
51
56
https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13472_c620f720843dfae952af9d12a6a025f3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsz.2015.13472