In vitro Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of The Leaf Extract of Anisomeles malabarica against HepG2 Cancer Cell Lines

Jansi P. C., Jeba Preethi; Padua, Jeni Chandar

doi:10.21608/eajbsz.2022.271230

In vitro Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of The Leaf Extract of Anisomeles malabarica against HepG2 Cancer Cell Lines

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Zoology, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Nagercoil. Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India

10.21608/eajbsz.2022.271230

Abstract

Plant-based therapies have made an impact on human health. In the present study, aqueous A. malabarica leaf extract was subjected to determine the qualitative phytochemical screening, antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, cytotoxic activity, and Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide dual staining assay for apoptotic effect against the HepG2 cell lines. The aqueous extract contained secondary metabolites such as quinones, carbohydrates, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, and amino acids, which were revealed in preliminary phytochemical screening. Among the bacterial species tested, P. aeruginosa (23.1mm) had the highest zone of inhibition, whereas K. pneumoniae (13.2mm) had the lowest, indicating that the leaf extract had significant antibacterial activity. After 24 hours of observation, the highest concentration of aqueous leaf extract suppressed 65.52% of cancer cell proliferation. The aqueous extract that had a concentration-dependent apoptotic impact against HepG2 cells was ascertained using the Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide assay. However, more research is needed before it can be used as a therapeutic tool. The findings of this study will be useful in the development of new antibacterial and anticancer therapeutic medicines derived from A. malabarica in the future.

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