Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07596120140601Impact of manganese as an important element in pancreatic secretion on diabetes mellitus161348910.21608/eajbsz.2014.13489ENMaiada M.SaadDepartment of Biology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EgyptHala M.EbaidDepartment of Biology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EgyptZohour I.NabilDepartment of Biology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EgyptJournal Article20180912Chronic hyperglycemia may cause significant alterations in the status of some micronutrients (such as manganese cations) some of which can directly modulate glucose homeostasis. In the meantime, it was reported that people with diabetes have low levels of manganese in the blood. This abnormality is also associated with exocrine pancreatic dysfunction evaluated by reduced concentrations of digestive enzymes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the interaction between endocrine and exocrine pancreatic functions, indicating the importance of manganese ions in pancreatic disorder. The present study composed of 40 rats that were divided into 4 groups; control (saline), control (MnCl<sub>2</sub>), alloxan-induced diabetic and Mn<sup>2+</sup>-treated diabetic rats. Fasting blood glucose, manganese (Mn<sup>2+</sup>), calcium (Ca), lipase, a-amylase, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione reductase (GR), nitric oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in all groups. In this study, serum manganese, calcium, lipase, a-amylase, GR and SOD levels were decreased in diabetic groups compared to control groups. There was a clearly difference in serum pancreatic enzymes at P < 0.05 in Mn<sup>2+</sup>-treated diabetic group compared to untreated diabetic group. It can be concluded that exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) could be one of the mechanisms underlying (DM). Accordingly, it can be suggested that therapy of diabetes should address both endocrine and exocrine pancreatic functions.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13489_4cbb19ffec7ab9222c4c35968b4ac06a.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07596120140601Investigating the use of Sphaeroma serratum (Crustacea, Isopoda) as bio-indicator for heavy metals pollution in Lake Timsah, Suez Canal using alkaline comet assay technique7261349010.21608/eajbsz.2014.13490ENMarwa I.Saad El-DinZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt,YaegashiSakikoLeibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, GermanySaad Z.MohamedMarine Science Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University,Mohamed A.BedirZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt,Iman M.BahgatZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt,OsamuNishimuraEcological Engineering Lab., Environment and Civil Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, JapanJournal Article20180912Pollution of the environment with heavy metals is a serious problem that is recognized in most countries in the world. Lake Timsah as an important lake in Suez Canal is highly polluted and receiving different sources of contaminations. However, attention and alarm thresholds of these parameters only concern the toxic effects of the polluting substances studied and do not take into consideration the question of chronic exposure at low doses of noxious chemicals. The physico-chemical parameters only provide snapshots of the condition of a water body and don’t provide the integrative measure of overall health of any water body. On the other hand, crustaceans are used as bio-indicators in various aquatic systems in bio-accumulation experiments and in field studies. The crustacean isopod, <em>Sphaeroma serratum</em> which is found in large numbers at Lake Timsah was used for further investigation for detecting its DNA damages cause by the pollution. The comet assay technique which derives its name from the comet-like shape that cells with damaged DNA acquire was applied in this study in order to investigate on what level such poor water conditions in Lake Timsah can deform the DNA of its biota. It is recommended than other tests as it requires only a very small number of cells and these cells do not need to be undergoing active division. The present study confirmed the applicability of the alkaline comet assay technique as a sensitive tool for environmental monitoring. Also, it can be suggested that aquatic <em>S. serratum</em> which is a very tolerant species can resist pollution and can be used as a reliable bio-indicator of DNA damage.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13490_91bd0cf2c62c06d358c4a339652b0a6c.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07596120140601Effects of aqueous extract of Salvia officinalis on some parameters of sperms and histopathological changes in testes of rats treated with Doxorubicin27401349110.21608/eajbsz.2014.13491ENKhalidAl-SyaadBiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia.Journal Article20180912Doxorubicin drug is an anti-cancer substance, but unwanted side effects result from its use. The objective of this research is to study the possibility of whether the Sage plant extract has the ability to reduce the harmful effects of the drug in question.
Male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) which are sexually mature were divided into four groups (8 each); the control group injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with a saline solution, DOX group injected i.p. weekly with doxorubicin (DOX) drug at a dose of 4 mg/kg for 7 weeks; DOX and <em>Salvia</em> group were injected i.p. weekly with a dose of DOX of 4 mg/kg for 7 weeks and swallow daily oral Sage leaf extract at a dose of 85 mg/kg for the same period and <em>Salvia</em> group swallow daily Sage leaf extract rate of 85 mg/kg for 7 weeks. After completion of the experiment animals were dissected to get samples of testes to prepare textile sections for routine histopathological examination and the reproductive capacity of the adult rats were done. The histopathological examination in doxorubicin-treated rats, either with or without <em>Salvia</em> extract, revealed germ cell depletion, a significant (<em>p</em><0.05) decrease in primary spermatocytes and spermatids, multinucleated formations of spermatids and germ cell showing apoptotic characteristics. Significant (<em>p</em><0.05) reduction of seminiferous tubule volume was observed in all doxorubicin-treated subgroups and increased interstitial spaces as compared with control. In the <em>salvia</em> treated group there were a significant (<em>p</em><0.05) increase in sperms motility, decreased percentage of dead and abnormalities of sperms and significant (<em>p</em><0.05) increase in diameters of seminiferous tubules, primary spermatocytes and spermatids and decrease interstitial spaces compared with DOX-treated groups.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13491_65886b3207837964e2df979affeef263.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07596120140601Redescription of two nematode parasites infecting Reptilia in Qena Governorate41501349210.21608/eajbsz.2014.13492ENSohier A.RabieZoology department, Faculty of science, South Valley University, EgyptMohey El-din Z.Abd El-LatifZoology department, Faculty of science, South Valley University, EgyptNadia I I.MohammedZoology department, Faculty of science, South Valley University, EgyptObaida F.AboelhussienZoology department, Faculty of science, South Valley University, EgyptJournal Article20180912During a helminthological examination of<em> Tarentola annularis</em> (Geoffroy, 1828) and <em>Chalcides ocellatu</em>s (Forskal, 1775), 12 out of 60 <em>Tarentola annularis</em> were found to harbour a large number of <em>Spauligodon aspiculus</em>, 30 out of 106<em> Chalcides ocellatu</em>s were found to harbour <em>Thelandros aegypti</em>.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13492_3860bf0b13c1d77ef52dc8afc8683c0f.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07596120140601Pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in animals51601349310.21608/eajbsz.2014.13493ENDibyajyotiSahaDepartment of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, ChittagongSwatiPaulDepartment of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, ChittagongJournal Article20180912Ciprofloxacin is absorbed primarily from the duodenum and jejunum when administered orally to monogastric animals. Bioavailability from parenteral injection sites is nearly 100 percent for all fluoroquinolones in most cases. Enrofloxacin (Congener of ciprofloxacin) penetrates into milk to attain approximately twice the maximum concentration of ciprofloxacin at similar plasma concentrations, although the elimination of enrofloxacin from mild is approximately twice as fast as that of ciprofloxacin. The article highlights the proper dose, route of administration, pharmacokinetic parameters of animals as well as recommended dosages of ciprofloxacin in animals.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13493_30505d4ebe08a6be799fdd42ad1d725c.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07596120140601Incidence of gastrointestinal helminthes in emin’s pouch rat (Cricetomys emini Wroughton) in the semi-arid zones of katsina state61691349410.21608/eajbsz.2014.13494ENBawa J.A.Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State NigeriaLiadiSDepartment of Biology, Isa Kaita College of Education Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State NigeriaJabbi A.M.Department of Biological Sciences, Nigerian Police Academy Wudil, Kano State NigeriaJournal Article20180912<strong>A </strong>survey was carried out to determine the multiple incidence and compositions of gastrointestinal/helminth parasites of Emin's Pouched Rat, <em>Cricetomys emini</em> that inhabit the Semi-Arid Areas of Katsina State, and to analyze the parasitic load of these parasites. Out of the eighty six (86) trapped and caught pouched rats, 57% were females and 48% males, of immature sub-adult individuals per sex and were examined base on the parasites incidence and multiplication rate. The following parasites were detected in accordance with the gastrointestinal gut parts: In the alimentary canal found are the Cestodes: <em>Hymenolepis diminuta</em> (39.53%) and <em>Rodentolopis</em> <em>fraterna </em>(25.58%); found in the ileum and lumens of large intestine are Nematodes, <em>Heterakis spumosa</em> (36.05%) and <em>Ascaridia</em> <em>collumbae</em> (30.23%). Similarly, <em>Capillaria</em> <em>collumbae</em> (18.60%) was detected in the ileum/small intestine. Found in the caecum and rectums were also nematodes: <em>Aspiculuris </em>sp(11.63%),<em> Trichuiris trichuira </em>(3.49%) and <em>Strongyloides </em>sp (5.81%). The nematodes were the most prevalent followed by cestodes and <em>Trichuiris trichuira</em> as the least incident species. The helminthes showed significant difference (P>0.05). Acanthocephalans and flukes (Trematodes) and a few of minute intestinal worms were not recognized during the practical analysis. Proper sanitation need to be adapted in the Saharan and the Semi-Arid Zones so as to minimize the population of these zoonotic helminthes in order to yield healthy living wild life/muroid rodents.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13494_850e3c0a4c3ea095e762405c52700721.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07596120140601A study for the influence of mosquitoes saliva on immunity of a laboratory animal (pigeon) to control infectious diseases.71761349510.21608/eajbsz.2014.13495ENMahmoudWahbaBiological and Geological department, Faculty of Education Al-Arish, Suez Canal University,Hekmat M M.TantawiZoology Science department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal UniversityNagwa E.MohammedResearch &Training Centre on Vectors of Diseases, Ain Shams University, BiologicalMonaHenedakBiological and Geological department, Faculty of Education Al-Arish, Suez Canal University,Journal Article20180912The saliva of blood feeding arthropods has a variety of substances that are responsible for the success of blood meal. Repeated bites of mosquitoes stimulate immune responses to salivary antigen in the vertebrate host. In this study group of 4-pigeons were exposed to frequent bites of groups of<em> Culex pipiense</em> and <em>Anopheles pharoensis </em>(100 female mosquitos per pigeon, 6 times in 18 weeks) and the biting rate were estimated. The biting rate of mosquitoes on pigeons decreased through different attempts. Group of 12 different clean pigeons are used as control pigeons (6 pigeons for each mosquito’s species) where one pigeon is exposed to the bites of 100 mosquitoes of one species 6 times in 18 weeks and the biting rate were calculated. The rate is relatively constant. The rate decreased in the case of the frequent bites may be due to the immunomodulative substances in mosquito saliva which stimulate immune responses in pigeons. Pigeons previously bitten frequently by <em>Culex</em> <em>pipiense </em>(<em>Cx. </em>sp.) and <em>Anopheles pharoensis (An. </em>sp.) mosquitoes are exposed once to bites of 100 female mosquitoes of the other mosquito species. The rate of feeding was calculated .This rate was increased. This increasing in the rate may be due to little cross- reactivity between the two mosquitoes species.
Further investigations are recommended to study the effect of mosquito saliva on human immune responses to evaluate the mosquito salivary proteins as vaccines for mosquitoes-borne diseases and also for decreasing or prevent the biting of mosquitoes.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13495_1e1cb7fa08e3ed6ed5a96fb18a22bcdf.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07596120140601ABO-Rh Blood Groups Distribution among King Khalid University Girls Students: A Prevalence Study77811349610.21608/eajbsz.2014.13496ENMohammed A.A.SarhanDepartment of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaSaad M.Bin-DajemDepartment of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaMona A.Al-MushaitDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20180912<strong>Objective: </strong>A questionnaire–based prevalence study was carried out on a random sample from various girls’ science college, KingKhalidUniversity, to find out the distribution pattern of ABO and Rh blood groups among Saudi females, which would not only help in blood transfusion services but also eliminate the risk of erythroblastosis fetalis in the neonates.
<strong>Method:</strong> The procedure for this study was done by giving the questionnaire to 3287 female students. Each participant filled out the questionnaire and gave it back after answering all the questions. The participants were volunteered to fill out the questionnaire.
<strong>Results:</strong> Of the 3287 female students enrolled in this study, 965 students know their blood groups. Amongst ABO system, blood group O was the most common (57.31%) followed by A (32.74%), B (9.22%), and AB (0.73%), respectively. Regarding rhesus system, Rhesus positive was more common (90.3%) than Rhesus negative (9.7%).
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> The current study documents ABO and Rhesus blood group distribution pattern amongst King Khalid University Girls Students. Findings ensured that there is need for educational and community support program for effective management of medical emergencies.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13496_ed9b7c897dd30d8d519ead605c5bcbd9.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07596120140601Vitamin-C work as an antidote against bisphenol-A toxicity in freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.)83871349710.21608/eajbsz.2014.13497ENSaritaMurmuDept. of Zoology, SSLNT Mahila College Dhanbad Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag Jharkhand (India)Vinoy K.ShrivastavaDept. of Zoology, SSLNT Mahila College Dhanbad Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag Jharkhand (India)Journal Article20180912Bisphenol-A (BPA) or 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane is a compound widely used in the production of polycarbonate and other plastic industries. In this study, 45 fishes (<em>Cirrhinus mrigala) </em>weighing 90 ± 5 g were used and divided into 3 groups of fifteen each. 1<sup>st</sup> Group received fish diet only and served as control, 2<sup>nd</sup> group were exposed with Bisphenol-A (2mg/l) and 3<sup>rd</sup> group were exposed with vitamin-C (50 mg/l) along with Bisphenol-A (2mg/l), respectively for 15, 30 and 60 days and the protein contents were estimated in brain and testis. The significantly increased in protein levels were noticed in brain and testis after 15, 30 and 60 days of Bisphenol-A exposed as compared to control group. While, the animals supplemented with vitamin-C along with Bisphenol-A were showed insignificantly decreased in protein level in brain and testis after 15 and 30 days as compared to Bisphenol-A group. However, this levels were significantly lowered in brain and testis after 60 days as compared to Bisphenol-A. These results indicate that vitamin-C work as an antidote against Bisphenol-A toxicity in freshwater fish <em>Cirrhinus mrigala.</em>https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13497_7134ccc9b74995f631f86f64a79f81c0.pdfEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology2090-07596120140601Global distribution of Genus duttaphrynus89951349810.21608/eajbsz.2014.13498ENSumanPratiharDepartment of Science and Technology, Government of India working at Department of Zoology Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721102 and Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.SandeepDasForest Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation Division, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala, India.Bidhan ChandraPatraAquaculture Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, West Bengal, India.NirupamAcharyyaDepartment of Remote Sensing & G.I.S. Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721102, West Bengal, IndiaKaushikDeutiHead, Division of Herpetology, ZSI, FPS Building, Indian Museum, 27 JL Nehru Road, Kolkata 700016, India.Journal Article2018091229 <em>Duttaphrynus</em> species are reported from all over the world. This genus was previously assigned to <em>Bufo melanostictus</em> group. Frost <em>et al.</em> suggested that <em>Duttaphrynus</em> is only distantly related to other Asiatic bufonids and consequently moved these species in 2006 to a separate genus. <em>Duttaphrynus</em> is a genus of true toads. It is endemic to southwestern and southern China and throughout southern Asia. Out of them, 19 species are reported only from India. <em>Duttaphrynus melanostictus</em> is the most widely distributed species.This <em>melanostictus </em>group is distinguished by presence of orbital cranial ridge, vocal sac when present having surrounding muscles with melanophore.https://eajbsz.journals.ekb.eg/article_13498_7181261876fbbaecae3e46f91454cabc.pdf